Abstract

Stem cell therapy is the main focus of regenerative medicine. Both scientifically and practically, the stem cell field in veterinary medicine is still developing quickly. Several animal reproductive problems can currently be treated with stem cell therapy, according to scholarly literature. A subspecialty of medicine known as "regenerative medicine" researches ways to create, fix, or replace harmed or diseased cells, organs, or tissues. The sources of pluripotent and progenitor cell lineages include embryonic stem cells (ES), adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), fetal stem cells, and umbilical cord blood stem cells. Which are used to treat the various syndromes and complications of animal reproduction gynecology and obstetrics.

• 1.   Abbasi, S., &Honaramooz, A. (2012). Feasibility of salvaging genetic potential of post-mortem fawns: production of sperm in testis tissue xenografts from immature donor white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in recipient mice. Animal reproduction science, 135(1-4), 47-52.
• 2.   Aponte P. M. (2015). Spermatogonial stem cells: Current biotechnological advances in reproduction and regenerative medicine. World journal of stem cells, 7(4), 669–680. https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v7.i4.669.
• 3.   Bongso, Ariff, Chui‐Yee Fong, and KalamegamGauthaman.
• 4.   Cabezas, J., Rojas, D., Navarrete, F., Ortiz, R., Rivera, G., Saravia, F., & Castro, F. O. (2018). Equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from endometrial or adipose tissue share significant biological properties, but have distinctive pattern of surface markers and migration. Theriogenology, 106, 93-102.
• 5.   Cumano, A., & Godin, I. (2001). Pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell development during embryogenesis. Current opinion in immunology, 13(2), 166-171.
• 6.   Fortier, L. A., & Travis, A. J. (2011). Stem cells in veterinary medicine. Stem cell research & therapy, 2(1), 1-6.
• 7.   Fujita, S. (2003). The discovery of the matrix cell, the identification of the multipotent neural stem cell and the development of the central nervous system. Cell structure and function, 28(4), 205-228.
• 8.   Giassetti, M. I., Ciccarelli, M., & Oatley, J. M. (2019). Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation: insights and outlook for domestic animals. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, 7, 385-401.
• 9.   Harris, David T., and Ian Rogers.
• 10.   Ho, M. H., Heydarkhan, S., Vernet, D., Kovanecz, I., Ferrini, M. G., Bhatia, N. N., & Gonzalez-Cadavid, N. F. (2009). Stimulating vaginal repair in rats through skeletal muscle–derived stem cells seeded on small intestinal submucosal scaffolds. Obstetrics and gynecology, 114(2 Pt 1), 300.
• 11.   Ibtisham, F., Awang-Junaidi, A. H., &Honaramooz, A. (2020). The study and manipulation of spermatogonial stem cells using animal models. Cell and Tissue Research, 380(2), 393-414.
• 12.   Ivanova, Natalia B., John T. Dimos, ChristophSchaniel, Jason A. Hackney, Kateri A. Moore, and Ihor R. Lemischka.
• 13.   Johnston, Daniel S., Lonnie D. Russell, and Michael D. Griswold.
• 14.   Kucia, Magda, et al.
• 15.   Lara Evelyn, et al.
• 16.   Mambelli, L. I., Winter, G. H. Z., Kerkis, A., Malschitzky, E., Mattos, R. C., &Kerkis, I. (2013). A novel strategy of mesenchymal stem cells delivery in the uterus of mares with endometrosis. Theriogenology, 79(5), 744-750.
• 17.   McCulloch, E. A., & Till, J. E. (2005). Perspectives on the properties of stem cells. Nature medicine, 11(10), 1026-1028.
• 18.   Morgani, S. M., Canham, M. A., Nichols, J., Sharov, A. A., Migueles, R. P., Ko, M. S., & Brickman, J. M. (2013). Totipotent embryonic stem cells arise in ground-state culture conditions. Cell reports, 3(6), 1945-1957.
• 19.   Nakai, M., Kaneko, H., Somfai, T., Maedomari, N., Ozawa, M., Noguchi, J., & Kikuchi, K. (2010). Production of viable piglets for the first time using sperm derived from ectopic testicular xenografts. Reproduction, 139(2), 331.
• 20.   Nichols, Jennifer, and Austin Smith.
• 21.   Pieri, N. C. G., de Souza, A. F., Botigelli, R. C., Machado, L. S., Ambrosio, C. E., dos Santos Martins, D., & Bressan, F. F. (2019). Stem cells on regenerative and reproductive science in domestic animals. Veterinary research communications, 43(1), 7-16.
• 22.   Polo, Jose M., et al.
• 23.   Rao, M. S. (2004). Stem sense: a proposal for the classification of stem cells. Stem cells and development, 13(5), 452-455.
• 24.   Rodriguez-Sosa, J. R., & Dobrinski, I. (2009). Recent developments in testis tissue xenografting. Reproduction, 138(2), 187.
• 25.   Saha, S., Roy, P., Corbitt, C., & Kakar, S. S. (2021). Application of stem cell therapy for infertility. Cells, 10(7), 1613..
• 26.   Shihadeh, H. (2015). History and recent advances of stem cell biology and the implications for human health.
• 27.   Singh, V. K., Kalsan, M., Kumar, N., Saini, A., & Chandra, R. (2015). Induced pluripotent stem cells: applications in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 3, 2.
• 28.   Vassena, R., et al.
• 29.   Voga, M., Adamic, N., Vengust, M., &Majdic, G. (2020). Stem cells in veterinary medicine— current state and treatment options. Frontiers in veterinary science, 7, 278.
• 30.   White AC, Lowry WE. Refining the role of adult stem cells as cancer cells of origin. Trends in cell biology. 2015 Jan 1;25(1):11-20.
• 31.   Yadav, P. S., Singh, R. K., & Singh, B. (2012). Fetal stem cells in farm animals: applications in health and production. Agricultural Research, 1(1), 67-77.
• 32.   Ye, M., Yu, L., She, Y., Wang, S., Wang, M., Zhao, Q., & Meng, Y. (2020). Healing effects of a protein scaffold loaded with adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells on radiationinduced vaginal injury in rats. Journal of International Medical Research, 48(10), 0300060520958826.
• 33.   Zhang, Y., Ma, Y., Chen, J., Wang, M., Cao, Y., Li, L., & Zhu, L. (2021). Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for vaginal repair in an ovariectomized rhesus macaque model. Stem cell research & therapy, 12(1), 1-11.
• 34.   Zhao, Jing, et al.

Data Sharing Statement

Funding