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Red Flower's Journal of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology

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Molecular Techniques used for Determination of Genetic Identity in Forensic Samples

Nidhi Sharma, Scientist, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute for Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi 110029, India , Nidhi Sharma 1 , Arijit Dey 2 , Ajay Balayan 3 , Tabin Millo 4 , Sudhir K Gupta 5

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Red Flower's Journal of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology 4(1):p 51-57, January-June 2018. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/jfct.2454.9363.4118.5

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Abstract

Molecular techniques in forensics is gaining importance in medico-legal and criminalities identification after establishment of molecular methods such as DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) finger printing to identify individuals. The principles and techniques used for forensic means; modern DNA profiling procedures that are widely used in resolving various issues of inheritance or succession, identifying missing child, paternity dispute, murder and sexual assault, adoption maintenance of minor child and victim of mass disasters. Nuclear DNA evidences have been recovered from blood, semen, saliva, skin and hair roots. DNA base techniques such as PCR (Polymerase chain reaction), RFLP (Restriction fragment length polymorphism), VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats), STR (Short tandem repeats), Y-chromosome analysis and Mitochondrial analysis are being used for investigation. DNA-based evidence has become a significant supporting tool for law enforcement agencies/investigators to solve difficult crime cases and give right decision and judgment.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/jfct.2454.9363.4118.5

Keywords

Molecular Forensic; DNA Profiling; PCR-RFLP; STR- Genotyping; NGS; Microarray.

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