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Review Article

Health Aspects Attributing to Composition of Energy Drinks and their Scope in Forensic Science: A Review

Pooja Rana, Munish Kumar Mishra

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Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

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Journal of Clinical Forensic Sciences 01(02):p 97-103, July-Dec 2023. | DOI: https://doi.org/10.21088/jcfs.3107.6874.1223.5

How Cite This Article:

Pooja Rana, Munish Kumar Mishra/Health Aspects Attributing to Composition of Energy Drinks and their Scope in Forensic Science: A Review. Jr of Clin Forensic Sci. 2023;1(2):97–103.

Timeline

Received : July 27, 2023         Accepted : August 15, 2023          Published : December 30, 2023

Abstract

Energy drinks are beverages that typically contain ingredients such as caffeine, taurine, B vitamins, guarana, and other stimulants and are often carbonated. The primary active ingredient in energy drinks is caffeine. Though these drinks have been marketed as ergogenic products which can enhance physical and cognitive performances (temporary boost in energy level), results of several studies show that due to presence of high caffeine content, their excessive consumption can lead to caffeine overdose or toxicity which includes a range of adverse effects such as tachycardia, heart palpitations, high blood pressure, anxiety, dehydration, digestive issues, disrupted sleep patterns which can lead to further health risks and in severe cases, even cardiac arrhythmias or seizures. High levels of sugar and acids in these drinks even lead to dental problems. The combination of caffeine and other stimulant ingredients in energy drinks can pose a risk and can potentially lead to cardiovascular problems, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and behavioral & psychological issues. It is therefore advised that these drinks should be consumed with caution while taking certain medications or alcohol. The stimulant effects of energy drinks can interact negatively with some medications, such as certain antidepressants or stimulant medications. Combining energy drinks with alcohol can mask the depressant effects of alcohol, leading to excessive alcohol consumption and potentially risky behavior. While energy drinks are not extensively studied within forensic science, their potential toxicity, their use as markers of consumption patterns, susceptibility to adulteration, and risk of contamination make them relevant in specific forensic contexts. Forensic analysis of energy drink ingredients can provide insights into their quality, composition, and compliance with regulatory standards. By employing scientific techniques, food forensic scientists can ensure the authenticity, safety, and compliance of energy drinks in the marketplace.

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Data Sharing Statement

There are no additional data available. All raw data and code are available upon request.

Funding

This research received no funding.

Author Contributions

Whether all authors contributed significantly to the work and approve its publication.

Ethics Declaration

This article does not involve any human or animal subjects, and therefore does not require ethics approval.

Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude to the patients, their families, and all those who have contributed to this study.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

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Cite this article

Pooja Rana, Munish Kumar Mishra/Health Aspects Attributing to Composition of Energy Drinks and their Scope in Forensic Science: A Review. Jr of Clin Forensic Sci. 2023;1(2):97–103.

Licence:

Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.

Received Accepted Published
July 27, 2023 August 15, 2023 December 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21088/jcfs.3107.6874.1223.5

Keywords

Energy drinksCaffeineAdditivesForensic ScienceFood Forensics.

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Timeline

Received July 27, 2023
Accepted August 15, 2023
Published December 30, 2023

licence

Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.


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