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Evaluation of Emergency Dermatological Conditions: A Prospective Study

Khushbu R. Modi, Senior Resident, Department of Dermatology, AMC MET Medical College, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380008, India. , Khushbu R. Modi , Neela M. Patel , Avanita Solanki , Jigna Barot

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Indian Journal of Emergency Medicine 4(3):p 147-154, Jul-Sep, 2018. | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijem.2395.311X.4318.6

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Abstract

Background: Dermatology is often thought of as non acute,outpatient centered speciality. However, there are many dermatological conditions presenting as emergency situations that demands early diagnosis, monitoring and multidisciplinary intensive care to minimize the associated morbidity and mortality. The aims of this study are to study the clinico-epidemiological profile and clinical pattern of various dermatological emergencies and to find out mortality in dermatological emergency cases. Methods: This is a prospective study which was conducted over period from September 2014 to December 2016. In this study we classified dermatological emergencies into Primary, where involvement of skin is the primary cause and Secondary, where cutaneous manifestations are the indicators of impending or underlying severe systemic involvement. A detailed history of all the patients was taken and recorded with all demographic details and clinical examinations. Results: Out of 154 patients, 88 (57.14%) were male and 66 (42.86%) female. Maximum 42 (27.27%) patients were in the age group of 31-40 years. In these study 89 (57.80%) cases were of primary dermatological emergencies and 65 (42.20%) cases of secondary dermatological emergencies. At the time of first presentation 81 (52.60%) patients were having mucosal involvement, 76 (49.35%) patients were having various systemic involvement. Total 16 different conditions were included during the study amongst them acute urticaria with or without angioedema was the commonest (34.41%), followed by Lepra reaction (12.33%), Acute erythroderma (10.38%), Pemphigus vulgaris with secondary infection (7.80%) and Steven johnson’s syndrome (7.14%). In the this study, mortality was 1.95%. Conclusion: Criteria for real emergencies needs to be further defined and classified properly. This study suggests that the role of the dermatologist in the emergency department is very important. 

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijem.2395.311X.4318.6

Keywords

Dermatology; Emergency; Primary and Secondary Dermatological Emergencies.

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