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Evaluation of Acute Kidney Injury in Cases of Acute Gastroenteritis in a Tertiary Care Centre at Kolkata

Abhishek Mukherjee* , Abhishek Mukherjee* , Indraneel Dasgupta** , Indranil Mitra***

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Indian Journal of Emergency Medicine 2(1):p 5-12, Jan-Jun 2016. | DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijem.2395.311X.2116.1

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Abstract

 Background: Acute gastroenteritis is a common problem in developing countries like India. The most common complication of acute diarrhoea is dehydration leading to hypovolemia and further complications like acute kidney injury or acute renal failure due to loss of fluid and electrolytes and antimicrobials injury. Acute renal failure occurs due to quick volume depletion in diarrhoea and is even accelerated in the hot environment. Acute renal failure secondary to acute gastroenteritis is still a common problem in our country. So early referral and adequate replacement of fluid and electrolytes and antimicrobials can improve outcome in these patients. Aims and objectives: To find out the following: 1. Percentage of acute kidney injury in diarrhoea patients. 2. Associated conditions leading to increased acute kidney injury in diarrhoea patient. 3. Outcome of acute kidney injury in patients with diarrhoea. 4. Secondary aim of the study is to evaluate the adequacy of the treatment. Material and Methods: Patient parameters, like the time from the onset and time of attending the hospital, severity of diarrhoea, stool culture report (to identify causative organism) will be collected by the primary investigator. Associated factors like age, sex, co morbidities like Hypertension, Diabetes will be looked upon to link the percentage of occurrence relation with these factors. Creatinine will be evaluated at the time of admission and again reevaluated after 48 hours. Patients with an increased serum Creatinine will be evaluated by the KDIGO criteria to be diagnosed as Acute Kidney injury. The percentage of patients developing acute kidney injury and started on treatment was regularly observed during their hospital stay by the principal researcher. Results and Discussion: It was noted that the incidence of acute kidney injury is 22% in the study which is pretty significant. The number of deaths that occurred during the study is only 2%. It was seen that earlier referral to a tertiary care hospital and timely replacement of fluids can decrease incidence of renal failure.

Keywords: Gastroenteritis; Acute Renal Failure.

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DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijem.2395.311X.2116.1

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