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Ebola Virus Disease

Nadeem Ahmad* , Nadeem Ahmad* , Rubeena Bano** , Priyanka Singh***

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Indian Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3(2):p 131-134, July - December 2016. | DOI: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijmhs.2347.9981.3216.10

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Abstract

 The outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in 2014 caused by one of member of Filoviridae family in west Africa was the witness of its fatality, which rate is up to 50­90%. Ebola first occurred in 1976 in two simultaneous outbreaks, in Nzara, Sudan, and in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. Ebola reached in human through animal body fluid, most of researchers think of fruit bats as natural host of Ebola virus. Ebola spreads in the community through human­to­human transmission, with infection resulting from direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and indirect contact with environments contaminated with such fluids. The entry of Ebola Virus is mediated by cholesterol transporter protein Niemann­Pick C1 (21) and T­Cell immunoglobulin &mucin domain 1(TIM­1). The disease is common with the symptoms onset of fever, intense weakness, muscles pain, nausea, headache, & sore throats followed by severe hemorrhage, shocks, breakdown central nervous system, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of kidney and liver function, internal & external bleeding, low WBC & platelet, elevation in liver enzymes. The severe hemorrhage occur due to mixed proinflammatory mediators and vasoactive substances , which is result of immune responses to save the body which result in storm of chemokinins and cytokinins leading in turn bursting of blood vessels. There is neither any specific treatment nor any FDA approved vaccine or medicine. Severely its patient required intensive supportive system, require oral rehydration with solution containing electrolytes, maintenance of circulatory volume, blood pressure & oxygen supplements. Some researches on NPC­1 gene and (TIM­1) showing positive signals on treatment aspects of Ebola virus disease. The mutant NPC­1 and silencing of TIM­1 do not leads to virus replication inside the host.

Keywords: Ebola Virus Disease; Filoviridae Family; NPC­1(Niemann­Pick C1) Protein; TIM­1(TCell Immunoglobulin & Mucin Domain 1); Proinflammatory Mediators; Vasoactive Substances.

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DOI: DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijmhs.2347.9981.3216.10

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