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Review Article

DNA from Tooth: Practicalities and Feasibilities

V.V. Kamath** , Abhishek Banerjee* , V.V. Kamath**

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Indian Journal of Forensic Odontology 9(1):p 23-29, January-June 2016. | DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijfo.0974.505X.9116.4

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Abstract

 Background: The structure of the human tooth is a great boon in forensics where its seeming invincibility makes it an ideal material for evidence. The structure of the tooth is both an advantage and a disadvantage in the extraction of DNA for forensic examination. While the soft tissue pulp and cellular dentine make ideal reservoirs for the DNA extraction, hard tissue acellular cementum and enamel deny the obtainment of the same. Aims: The present review aims to highlight, analyze and collate the anatomical and histological areas in a tooth that render DNA obtainment possible and also discusses the various procedures and techniques available to carry out the same. Materials and Methods: The literature was reviewed for data relating to the different dental tissues which can yield qualitative DNA material with relation to forensics and odontology. The data were analyzed in and the shortcomings of the various sources will be discussed. In addition the various DNA extraction methodologies will be compared. Results: The paper highlights the facts that the best available sources of DNA in a tooth are the pulp, dentine and to a lesser extent the cellular cemetum. Enamel is useless for DNA extraction. The procedures needed to contain DNA material, avoid contamination and optimally extract DNA are explained. Target tissue and techniques for use of the DNA in forensic odontology is also explained. 

Keywords: DNA; Forensic Odontology; PCR.

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DOI: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijfo.0974.505X.9116.4

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