Abstract

The study aimed to determine the sensitivity of urine on different surfaces at varied temperatures using presumptive and confirmatory tests. Presumptive tests, like odour tests and microscopic inspection, are used to detect the presence of urine. Confirmatory test, like Urea nitrate Test and Creatinine Test, are used to detect the presence of urine. Samples of a range of surfaces, such as walls, plywood, cloth, and marble tile, were taken, and analysed at intervals between Day 1 and Day 28. Urine’s ability to persist and be detected over time on various surfaces is meant to be established, providing important information for forensic analysis. The findings of the study demonstrated that temperature fluctuations significantly affected sensitivity. Moderate temperatures (15°C to 25°C) while at Extreme temperatures, particularly at 40°C to 10°C, the sensitivity was marginally decreased.

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