Abstract

Introduction: Oxidative stress, mediated by lipid peroxidation, contributes to cellular injury in BPH. Malondialdehyde (MDA) serves as a marker of oxidative stress, while the body’s defence includes enzymatic antioxidants like Glutathione Reductase and non-enzymatic ones like Vitamin C. Calcium’s role in prostate cancer is established, but its implications in BPH remain inconclusive. Objectives: Assess oxidative stress by measuring MDA levels, Evaluate antioxidant status through Glutathione Reductase and Vitamin C levels, Compare serum calcium levels in BPH patients and healthy controls. Methodology: Participants: 30 controls and 30 clinically diagnosed BPH patients, aged 65–75 years. Ethical Clearance and informed consent was obtained. Sample Collection: 10 ml of heparinized blood analyzed using: • MDA: Thiobarbituric acid method. • Glutathione Reductase: Beutler E method. • Vitamin C: Evelyn and Melloy method. • Serum Calcium: Modified O-Cresolphthalein Complexone method. Results: Demographics: No significant age difference between groups (p=0.117). Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants: MDA: Significantly increased in BPH (p <0.001). Glutathione Reductase: Significantly decreased in BPH (p <0.001).Vitamin C: Significantly reduced in BPH (p < 0.001). Serum Calcium: Higher normal range in BPH patients, with a statistically significant difference compared to controls (p < 0.05). Correlations: MDA positively correlated with BPH (+0.2). Inverse correlations with Glutathione Reductase (-0.28) and Vitamin C (-0.20). Weak correlation between MDA and Glutathione Reductase (r = -0.100, p = 0.6). Low correlation between MDA and Vitamin C (r = 0.41, p = 0.831). Conclusion: Increased oxidative stress and diminished antioxidant defenses in BPH patients.Serum calcium levels in the higher normal range, significantly differing from controls. Implications: Potential benefits of antioxidant supplementation and calciumlowering strategies in managing BPH. This study underscores the importance of addressing oxidative stress and maintaining optimal calcium levels in managing BPH. Adding specific recommendations for antioxidant-rich diets or pharmacological interventions could further enhance clinical outcomes.

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