Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal

Context: Tendo Achilles tightness is the most common problem in normal healthy individuals who wear high heels or sit for prolong period of timewhich also leads to calf muscle tightness. Stretching is form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon (group of muscles) which are shortened are target for its lengthening. the muscles or tendon is stretched in order to improve its flexibility and elasticity and reduce tightness and achieve normal range of motion which is being restricted due to that tightness. Aim: Purpose is to compare the effectiveness of Cyclic stretching versus PNF stretching in TA tightness. Setting and Design: 40 healthy individuals (n= 40) between 18 to 25 years (female) with TA tightness were randomly divided into two groups equally. Each group consists of 20 subjects. Methods and Material: Ankle dorsiflexion of affected side was measure using universal
goniometer. Subjects in group A were treated with PNF stertching and subjects in group B were treated with Cyclic Stretching. Treatment was given for 7 days on daily basis. Post treatment ankle dorsiflexion was recorded and compared. Statistical analysis used: After the intervention, difference the groups was compared using paired t Test and between the group it was compared using Unpaired T Test. Results: The PNF technique (group A) the value of ankle dorsiflexion was increased at the end of 7th day (19) compared to baseline value ( 12.15). Conclusions: Both the PNF an Cyclic stretching techniques are effective in improving TA flexibility and improving ankle range of motion, but PNF is more effective compared to cyclic stretching in reducing TA tightness.
Keywords: PNF stretching, Cyclic Stretching, Tendo- Achilles tightness, flexibility
 

Introduction: Stork is a global epidemic and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. As defined by WHO stroke is “rapidly developing clinical sings of focal (or global) disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting 24 hours or longer or leading to death, no apparent cause other that of vascular origin.”1 Stroke due to cerebral infarction, primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH), intraventricular hemorrhage, and most cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH); it excludes subdural hemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or infarction caused by infection or tumour.2,3 Aim of the Study: Compare the effectiveness of mCIMT and Mirror Therapy (MT) on upper extremity and hand functions among individuals with stroke based on the severity as assessed by the UEFM and ARAT. Methods: It is an experimental study design. Sample of convenience of twelve (12) stroke subjects are selected and divided into group A and group B. Group A received Modified Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT) and group B received Mirror Therapy in upper extremity and hand functions in stroke patients. Discussion: In our study Modified Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT) is more effective than Mirror Therapy (MT) in upper extremity and hand functions in stroke patients. Joachim Liepert et al., 2000. The mechanism of this massive cortical reorganization probably reflects eitheran increase in the excitability of neurons already involved in the innervation of more-affected hand movements or an increase in excitable neuronal tissue in the infracted hemisphere, or both.26 Conclusion: This study concluded that Modified Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT) is more effective than Mirror Therapy (MT) in upper extremity and hand functions in stroke patients. In this study the patients from mild to moderate and moderate to severe post stroke disability improved better in stroke patients. So hypothesis is accepted that mCIMT is more effective than Mirror Therapy (MT) in from
mild to moderate and moderate to severe post stroke disability.
Keywords: mCIMT, Mirror therapy (MT) UEFM, ARAT. (VAS) visual analog scale, Fugl-Meyer Assessment
scale and Action research arm test (ARAT) scores
 

Introduction & Background: The university students spend their quarter (6 hours) of a day in a classroom include hours of a day in sitting position. Thus it become very hard to maintain a posture erect throughout the day this leads to stress in the ligamentous structures and may produce pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of neck posture on abdominal muscle strength among university students. Method: This study recruited 50 young adults and was divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included student with forward head posture and group 2 included student with normal neck posture. After meeting the inclusion criteria, neck posture was assessed using Ruler method. Then timed sit up and DLLT were also added to check the upper abdominal strength and the lower abdominal strength simultaneously. Results: The comparison was done in between Tragus and wall distance (normal-cued) and timed sit up test that shows significant result. Again, the correlation was found in between Tragus to wall distance (normal –cued) and double leg lowering test and this shows non- significant result in both the groups. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between neck posture and upper abdominal strength and there is no relation between neck posture and lower abdominal strength.
Keywords: Neck posture, Normal neck posture, Forward head posture, Abdominal muscle strength

Objectives: Emphysema is a condition of lungs characterized by permanent dilatation of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles with destruction of wall of this airways. Nearly associated with chronic bronchitis but different from it to a large extent. Emphysema is a common problem in both male and female population due to
environmental and biological changes, ill habits, and so on. Effective treatment protocol includes only sedatives and bronchodilators but up to restrictions, thus most effective protocol is still lacking, this study is intended to find out an (effective treatment to normalize the V.C.) for treating emphysema in longterm or permanently through
physiotherapy means both manually and mechanically: a comparative study. Methods: A sample of 30 subjects including both males and females of age group 30–55 years, as per inclusion and exclusion criteria, from SSSMC, Dr. K.K. B.M. Subharti Hospital, Dehradun and CSS Hospital, Meerut, were included in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The subjects were assessed forced expiration by lungs in a particular time and measured for their forced expiratory volume of lungs, vital capacity and then asked to perform the Romson’s Respirometer Exercise, Purse Lip Breathing Exercise and Chest Physiotherapy. The values of forced expiratory volume of lungs and vital capacity of the subjects were documented. Results: The data of both Groups (A and B), revealed the mean scores of forced expiratory volume and the vital capacity of lungs on 1st, 4th and 10th day. The mean scores of forced expiratory volume of lungs [F.E.V. 1] of Group A, was 1.5074 ± 0.5121, 1.8111 ± 0.5010 and 2.3740 ± 0.5151 and vital capacity of lungs [V.C.] was 3.0259 ± 0.3514, 3.1630 ± 0.3260 and 3.4259 ± 0.2930 on day 1st, 4th and 10th. The paired “t” test was applied to test the significant difference between 1st & 4 day and 4th & 10th day. A significant p - Value of < 0.001* was found when the comparison was done with the mean score of forced expiratory volume and the vital capacity of lungs on 4th and 10th day. Which shows the significant improvement in Emphysematous subjects. The mean scores of forced expiratory volume of lungs [F.E.V. 1] of Group B was 1.7037 ±
0.4792, 2.3674 ± 0.4236 and 2.9204 ± 0.3123 and vital capacity of lungs [V.C.] was 3.1296 ± 0.2524, 3.5481 ± 0.2376 and 4.0352 ± 0.2311 on day 1st , 4th and 10th. The paired “t” test was applied to test the significant difference between 1st & 4th day and 4th & 10thday. A significant p - Value of <0.001* was found when the comparison was done with the mean score of forced expiratory volume and the vital capacity of lungs on 4th and 10th day. Which shows the significant
improvement in Emphysematous subjects. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that there is significant improvement in the forced expiratory volume [F.E.V. 1] and vital capacity of lungs [V.C.] values in both the Groups - (A and B). Group - A receive chest physiotherapy (vibration+percussion+coughing) and Romson’s respirometer while Group - B receive receives chest physiotherapy (vibration+percussion+coughing) and pursed lip breathing.
Keywords: Forced expiratory volume [F.E.V. 1]; Vital capacity [V.C.]; Romson’s respirometer.

Context: Fitness is a very important part of our life and for fitness aerobic exercises are very common such as walking, dancing, cycling, and swimming. The aerobic capacity is also considered as cardiorespiratory endurance or VO2 max Aims: The relationship of anaerobic exercise with rate of perceived exertion has been previously
documented in athletes, but there was a paucity of researches on the relationship of aerobic capacity with RPE among collegiate athletes in India. Therefore the purpose of this study was to find the relationship between aerobic capacity and rating of perceived exertion among male and female collegiate athletes. Furthermore, the present research work had also compared the rating of perceived exertion between males and females collegiate athletes Settings and design: A total of 100 participants with 50 male and 50 female between the age group of 18 and 25 with no history of recent injury or any disease and substance abuse, who volunteered to participate were selected for this study. Methods and material: The VO2 max of all participants was measured by Rockport 1 mile walk test and then the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was reported using Borg scale Statistical analysis used: Pearson’s correlation were applied between VO2 max and RPE Results: The mean VO2 max and mean RPE of all participants were 58.22 (±6.79) (ml/kg/min) and 11.93 (±1.41) respectively Conclusions: The finding of the present study reveals that a person’s rating of perceived exertion is not dependent on his or her maximal oxygen consumption or VO2 max as there is no relation seen between VO
2 max and RPE of an individual
Keywords: Aerobic Capacity; VO2 Max; Rockport 1 mile walk test; Rate of perceived exertion; Borg scale.