Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal

Motor neuron disease (MND) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, manifested by upper and lower motor neuron signs and symptoms. It is characterized by progressive weakness, atrophy, spasticity, dysarthria, dysphagia, and respiratory compromise, ultimately resulting in death. The initial presentation of the disease may be diverse, cramps often being the earliest manifestation of the disease especially in the lower motor neuron component. We present a case of 69 year old female, who presented in the physiotherapy department with complains of low back ache, cramp like pain and weakness in both the legs for the last 6 months. Her neurological examination and investigations confirmed the diagnosis of MND. 

Key Words: Motor neuron disease; Low back ache; Cramps.

Objective: To determine the effects of slow kegels and fast kegels in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Design-experimental design,comparative in nature. Setting: The study was conducted at mata gujri hostel, SBSPGI, dehradun, uttrakhand. Population and Sample: 550 female hostlers of mata gujri girls hostel, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun. 24 female subjects (mean age of 21.16 ± 1.2) of SBSPGI, Dehradun, Uttrakhand. Methods: Subjects were randomly divided into three groups, Group A - slow kegels (21.1±99),Group B(20.7±1.49)- - fast kegels, Group C(21.5±1.5)-control group. Subjects practiced the pelvic floor muscle exercises every alternate day till a period of 8 weeks. The treatment intervention was measured using two different variables i.e. visual analogue scale and Mentural distress questionnaire. data analysed by 1 way annova and krushkal wallis test. main outcome measure-independent various. Result: The mean results of before treatment and after treatment are significant. Conclusion: The group b fast kegels was found to be more effective after the treatment protocol of 8 weeks. 

Keywords: Ddysmenorrhea; Pelvic floor muscle exercise; Fast and slow kegels.      

Introduction: Stabilizing the core is a dynamic process of maintaining balance. The Transverse abdominis (TrA) muscle is the first muscle activated during lower extremity movements indicating that it is primary muscle linked to core stability during lower limb movements. The literature in recent years has consistently linked the changes of the activity onset of the TrA as a marker of motor control dysfunction that directly reflects an impairment resulting in less than optimal mechanical stability of the lumbar spine This study evaluated the correlation between core stability and dynamic balance based on three objectives namely the myoelectrical activity of transverse abdominis and direction specific muscles of stance extremity (Vastus medialis ,Vastus lateralis and Biceps femoris) , the latency period of transverse abdominis and direction - pecific muscles of stance extremity in respective directions of modified star excursion balance test and the Star Excursion Balance test (SEBT) score. The Research design is Experimental. 30 Healthy collegiate male from university were included in study based on inclusion criteria. The EMG electrodes were placed on Transverse abdominis, Vastus medialis obliques , Vastus lateralis , Biceps femoris muscles . The Ground electrode was placed on iliac crest . The Measurement was done through modified star excursion balance test score. The SEBT testing was done in anterior, posteromedial, posterolateral directions . the SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. The level of significance p<0.05 was taken for all tests . the results showed Statistically significant, strong negative correlation between measure of core stability (latency period) and components of modified SEBT was found (p<0.001). Conclusion: The study found that latencies between transverse abdominis and direction specific muscle of SEBT to be highly correlated with each other, So it can be used as an objective assessment tool of core stability along with the modified SEBT score analysis. 

Key words: SEBT; EMG; Transversus abdominis. 

Introduction: Attention is a process of selection and selective processing . Attentional focus is either directed internally or externally. The emphasis of verbal instructions can have a significant impact on an individual’s attentional focus and the quality of their movements Instructions that influence an individual’s attentional focus can have a significant influence on both the accuracy and efficiency of their movements. A sample consisting total of 30 individuals was selected for the study using randomized sampling. It consisted of all the male participants . Chosen subjects were randomly allocated to the three groups, each having 10 subjects where group A (CG) and group B (PIAFG) performed plyometrics with internal attentional focussing strategy and Group C (PEAFG) external attentional focusing strategy . The data was analysed with SPSS software. Conclusion: After providing 6 weeks of plyometrics training to the recreational collegiate athletes ,results showed maximum improvement of power in group 2 i.e. the group performing the plyometric training utilizing the internal attentional focus instructions, followed by group 3 i.e. the group performing the plyometric training with external attentional focus instructions and minimum improvement was seen in group 1 i.e. the group performing the plyometric training with no instructions . The internal focusing strategy , may will be beneficial in specific circumstances .it is there by possible that using internally focused instructions to increase muscular activity may aid muscular resistance training and the rehabilitation of injured muscles through increased stimulation. 

Keywords: Plyometrics internal attentional focusing(PIAFG); Plyometrics external attentional focusing strategy(PEAFG); Plyometrics. 

Background: Abdominal exercises (AE) are one of the most popular exercises used in fitness and training programs. Exercising on an unstable surface as opposed to exercising directly on a hard flat surface may enhance the body respond to the instability. To remain balanced the muscle recruitment patterns may change and enhanced muscle response may be required. Methods: Thirty three normal healthy male and female subjects with age between 18-25 years were included in the study. Subjects were asked to perform abdominal crunches on four different surfaces (plinth, Swiss ball, 2-dimensional wobble board and 3- dimensional wobble board) and electromyographic activity of the upper and lower rectus abdominis was noted. Results and Conclusion: Average as well as the peak activity of upper and lower rectus abdominis muscle was found to increase as subject performed on progressively more unstable surface. 

Key words: Abdominal exercises; Swiss ball; 2-Dimensional wobble board; 3-Dimensional wobble board.