Pediatric Education and Research

Background: Penetrating injury due to wooden stick is a rare accident in children. Very few such cases have been reported. Aim: To report a case of 11 years old boy who presented with penetrating injury over back due to a wooden stick. Result: He received initial treatment with removal of superficial fragments, but deeper pieces were missed causing development of large volume of abscess. This was evaluated and drained after which the child has uneventful recovery. Conclusion: When promptly investigated and treated, wooden splinter injury have good prognosis
 

Burns are one of the most common injuries among the children. Scald injuries tend to be the most common type of burn injury under the age of five, accounting for over 65% of the cases. Despite appropriate initial treatment and compressive therapy, contractures are common after deep burn. The most common and functionally limiting are web space and hand contractures. Autologous platelet rich plasma (APRP) has gained its importance in medical field since it was found to have wound healing and scar modifying properties. Hence, use of   Autologous Platelet rich plasma (APRP) has been incorporated into the management of this case for a good outcome.
 

Background: Duringtransition from fetal to neonatal life is related with major changes in hemogram due to homeostatic control. There are very extensive ranges of hemogram levels that seem to be abnormally high or low in healthy term neonate at birth and during first week of life. Those were actually normal for that neonatal period depending upon gestational and post-natal age. Method: Hemogram was studied in 100 normal term neonates born in our Tertiary centre during June 2023 to Dec 2023. Results: The ranges of various hemogram indices at birth, 24 hours, 48 hours and 7 days are as follows: Hemoglobin 18.1±2.62 gm%, 17.2±2.62 gm%, 16.6±2.37 gm% and 16.1±2.28 gm% respectively. Hematocrit 52.3±6.2%, 50.1±6.2%, 49.4±6.3% and 47.3±6.1% respectively. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 100.3±7.20 fl, 98.5±7.2fl, 98.9±7.3fl and 99.2±7.3 respectively. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) 34.1±2.69pg, 33.4±2.71pg, 33.6±2.73pg and 33.8±2.75pg respectively. MCH concentration (MCHC) 34.8±1.61 g/dl, 33.8±1.57 g/dl, 34.1±1.56 g/dl and 34.6±1.61 g/dl respectively. Conclusions: Hemoglobin levels naturally decrease in healthy term neonates during early life. Additionally, there is significant variation in red blood cell parameters among healthy term neonates. Notably, normal hemogram values for neonates differ from other age groups and change with postnatal and gestational age. To accurately interpret neonatal hemograms, reference ranges derived from large datasets spanning various gestational and postnatal ages should be consulted, such as those provided here for healthy term neonates
 

Background: Household waste management is the process of collecting, transporting, processing or disposing, managing and monitoring waste materials. By properly managing them, many illnesses can be prevented.  Objectives: Are to assess the pre-test knowledge on household waste management among adult in selected urban community, to assess the impact of educational intervention on knowledge regarding household waste management, to associate the knowledge with socio demographic variables.  Methods: Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design. Non Probability convenient sampling was used and 50 subjects were selected. Data was collected and analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.  Result: This study explained that in pre-test only 5 (10%) subjects had adequate knowledge, after education maximum samples knowledge improved 40 (80%). There was significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores as the ‘t’ value is higher than the tabulated value in the ‘p’ value at 0.05 level of significance.  Conclusion: These study findings indicated that, people need proper education on waste management.