Journal of Social Welfare and Management

The development of appropriate self-esteem is a fundamental component of comprehensive personality development. Gender stereotypes play a significant role in the formation of self-esteem. These stereotypes create scenarios wherein women are expected to assume domestic responsibilities and caregiving roles, whereas men are expected to fulfil the role of breadwinners and generally maintain a more dominant position than women. Such gender stereotypes directly influence self-esteem. Self-esteem can be conceptualized as the evaluative aspect of an individual’s self-concept (Rodríguez-Roca et al., 2021). The comparison of an individual’s self-concept and personal/social ideal engenders feelings of self-worth and acceptance. This study aimed to investigate the impact of gender stereotypes and self-esteem among rural college students in West Bengal. This study employed a qualitative survey-based research methodology.

Leadership is an important element of directing managerial functions in an organization. The power of leadership means the power of integration. Good leadership is essential to achieve an organizational goal. It is the ability to build up confidence and zeal among people. To be a successful leader, a manager must possess qualities of encouragement, foresight, drive, initiative, personal integrity, etc. In this article, I am trying to give an overview of various leadership styles and their impact in the teaching sector. This will give an idea about various leadership theories and how they are implemented in teaching roles. Hope this will be helpful to other members of our teacher community also. The idea of leadership theories will enrich the students who wish to pursue public administration, polity, and human resource management in the future.

This research investigates the intricate relationship between globalization and the transformation of employment on a global scale. It delves into the shifts in job markets influenced by the seamless flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. The study explores sectoral variations in the impact of globalization on employment, emphasizing the role of multinational corporations in shaping global workforce patterns through outsourcing and global value chains. Income inequality and evolving skill requirements are scrutinized, as is the emergence of flexible and precarious employment forms. Developing economies’ experiences with globalization’s effects on employment are examined, and existing policy responses are analyzed for their effectiveness. The study concludes by offering practical recommendations to policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders for fostering inclusive and sustainable global employment strategies. Overall, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how globalization shapes employment dynamics and provides valuable insights for addressing challenges in the evolving global labor market.

Background: Pain is increasingly recognized as a complex experience influenced by physical, psychological, and social factors. Traditional biomedical models of pain often overlook sociocultural dimensions that are critical for a holistic understanding, especially in fields like physiotherapy. Objective: This review aims to explore the sociological dimensions of pain and their implications for physiotherapy practice, emphasizing the need for a biopsychosocial approach to pain management. Methods: A narrative review approach was used to analyze literature on sociocultural influences on pain, focusing on aspects such as cultural norms, gender roles, and social support networks, as well as psychosocial factors like emotional responses and coping mechanisms. Findings: he review highlights how cultural norms shape pain perception and communication, how gender influences both pain expression and treatment biases and how social support impacts pain management outcomes. Additionally, psychosocial factors—including cognitive attention, emotional responses, and coping strategies—are essential in modulating the pain experience. Implications: For physiotherapists, understanding these sociocultural influences is crucial for delivering patient-centered care. Incorporating cultural competency, gender sensitivity, and psychosocial evaluation into practice can enhance treatment outcomes and improve patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Adopting a biopsychosocial approach allows physiotherapists to provide more effective and equitable care, ultimately promoting a comprehensive understanding of pain. Future research and professional development in these areas are recommended to further advance physiotherapy practice.

Foreign policy is a term that is often heard in the context of international relations, but foreign policy is the set of goals, strategies, and actions that a state or a non-state actor pursues in its relations with other actors in the international system. Background: Post-independence, India’s foreign policy was shaped in the context of an ideologically divided world. Over time, India has adjusted its foreign policy and economic structures to respond to global changes, including the end of the Cold War and the onset of globalization. Objective: This paper aims to explore the meaning and objectives of foreign policy, the evolution of Indian foreign policy, its defining features, key issues, and strategic priorities. It also provides recommendations for improving India’s foreign policy strategy. Methods: The study employs a qualitative analysis of primary and secondary sources, including policy documents, historical records, and academic literature, to trace the development and dynamics of Indian foreign policy. Findings: Foreign policy is the framework guiding a nation’s international relations, aimed at ensuring sovereignty, security, and development. Under Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, India adopted non-alignment during the Cold War to avoid alignment with the US or Soviet blocs. Core principles include sovereignty, non-alignment, strategic autonomy, and regional cooperation. Challenges include balancing great power relations, border disputes, regional instability, and adapting to shifts in global governance structures. Conclusion: India’s foreign policy reflects its commitment to strategic autonomy while addressing global and regional challenges. The integration of economic reforms and diplomatic pragmatism highlights India’s adaptive approach in an evolving international system. Implications: By understanding the historical and strategic dimensions of India’s foreign policy, this paper provides valuable insights into its future trajectory and offers actionable recommendations for enhancing strategic priorities.

This article examines the challenges and failures of team-building initiatives in the Indian coaching industry, focusing on coaching centers that prepare students for competitive exams such as UPSC, IIT JEE, banking, and railways. Through case studies, I identify key barriers including the deeply entrenched competitive culture, high faculty turnover, excessive focus on individual performance, and logistical constraints like large class sizes. These factors often counteract the intended benefits of team-building activities, which aim to foster collaboration, emotional support, and student motivation. Despite the limitations observed, the potential for effective team-building initiatives remains high, provided they are tailored to the unique cultural and structural challenges within Indian coaching centers. This paper suggests adopting a more balanced approach that includes emotional support systems, enhanced faculty engagement, and smaller class sizes to cultivate a collaborative learning environment conducive to student success. Future research should explore adaptive teambuilding frameworks and investigate cross-cultural best practices to enhance team cohesion and student motivation within India’s coaching industry.

The current article touches upon the link between diabetes drugs & homoeopathy. Following that, it delves into the issue of COVID 19 that has induced the diabetic risk. Subsequently, it explores what homoeopathy can offer to deal with the high diabetic risk induced by COVID 19. As viral issues like Mpox continues to bother human kind, the article emphasizes the role of homoeopathy to be applied on a large scale for the benefit of masses. The Essential Medicine properties of homoeopathy will only be a boon in this role.