Journal of Social Welfare and Management

The present paper deals with urbanisation of drought prone area i.e. Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh and urban environmental problems of Anantapuramu Muncipal Corporation.

 

Keywords: Urbanisation; Environment; Land Use; Pollution.

Service Sector Growth Rate in India GDP has been very rapid in the last few years. The Service Sector contributes the most to the Indian GDP. The Growth Rate of the Service Sector in India GDP has risen due to several reasons and it has also given a major boost to the Indian economy. The Indian economy is the second fastest major growing economy in the whole world with the growing rate of the GDP at 7.4% in 2009. The economy of India is the twelfth biggest in the world for it has the GDP of US$ 1.09 trillion in 2007. India ranks fifteenth in the services output and it provides employment to around 23% of the total workforce in the country. The various sectors under the Service Sector in India are construction, trade, hotels, transport, restaurant, communication and storage, social and personal services, community, insurance, financing, business services, and real estate. In service sector, HR managers have to manage all the challenges that they would face from recruiting employees, to training them, and then developing strategies for retaining them and building up an effective career management system for them. It is necessary for the management to invest considerable time and amount, to learn the changing scenario of the HR department in the 21st century. In order to survive the competition and be in the race, HR department should consciously update itself with the transformation in HR and be aware of the HR issues cropping up. With high attrition rates, poaching strategies of competitors, there is a huge shortage of skilled employees and hence, a company’s HR activities play a vital role in combating this crisis. Business has experienced different dynamics that pose many challenges. HR and enforcement authorities together strive for achieving the common goals like compliance and adherence. HR makes all efforts to create and sustain an employer and employee friendly atmosphere and responding to the current needs and challenges.

Infrastructure development is a key requirement for economic development of any nation. Developing countries all over the world are facing inadequate and poor infrastructure facilities to support their developmental requirements. Akin to other developing nations, scarcity of finance is the major problem faced by the infrastructure sector in India. Of course, Kerala is also facing the problem of inadequate of infrastructure development due to insufficiency of financial resources. The present study intends to cover the role of financial institutions specially formed for infrastructure financing like Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO), in terms of provision of finance, in the development of infrastructure in Kerala. The number of schemes sanctioned, total project cost, loans sanctioned and loans released by HUDCO in Kerala during the period from 2005 to 2014 are examined in detail. HUDCO, since its inception, is providing finance to Kerala for undertaking various infrastructure developmental activities. During 2013-14, it sanctioned 168 schemes in the country and in Kerala the total number of schemes sanctioned figures two with a CAGR of 0.36 per cent (ten year period up to 2013-14) and the total project cost registered a CAGR of 12.88 per cent against All-India growth of 15.37 per cent. The equality of regression coefficients of CAGRs of financing by HUDCO on all-India basis and Kerala is also put on test.

Migration is shift from a place of residence to another place for some length of time or permanently including different types of voluntary movements. It has great impact on economic, social, cultural and psychological life of people, both at place of emigration as well as of migration. Hence, the present study makes an attempt in unravelling the issues of socio-economic conditions of the migrant unorganised workers and its impact on their livelihoods. The present study has covered Tirunelveli District. The data relates to the month of September 2015. The primary data was collected with the help of specially prepared interview schedule.  Totally 90 respondents were selected using simple random sampling method. This is purely a descriptive study. For analyzing the data statistical tools such as percentages, averages, Chi-square tests, Garret ranking method and probability analysis technique were used.  The study shows that out of 90, 67 respondents are migrating due to non-availability of work in their villages. Only 3 percent of respondents are migrating due to supplement their family income.  7 and 16 per cent of the respondents are migrating due to livelihood and to provide good life for their children respectively. The Chi-square analysis reveals that the factors are Age and Education are significant at 1% level. Motivation about migration and decision of migration are significant at 5% level of significance. The remaining factors are not significant at 5% level. It is found from the study that the inadequate availability of local employment was ranked first followed by low wage rate.  Inadequate income to meet the household needs was ranked third and long hours of work ranked fourth.  Lack of bargaining power was ranked fifth. The Government of Tamilnadu should also maintain a demographic balance by regulating the inflow of migrants. Unless the government provides the basic necessities of life to the rural areas and provide the productive youth in the rural areas with employment opportunities people will continuously drift in to the urban centres from the rural areas in search for better life and employment.