Journal of Global Public Health

Political participation of women is essential for the functioning and vitality of any democracy. In India, despite constitutional provisions and various initiatives, women's participation in politics remains significantly lower than that of men. This study aims to delve into the factors influencing women's political participation in Indian democracy and explore avenues for their empowerment in the political sphere. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, data, and case studies, this article examines socio-cultural, economic, and institutional barriers that hinder women's entry into politics. Additionally, it highlights successful initiatives and policy measures undertaken at various levels to enhance women's political participation. The study underscores the importance of addressing structural inequalities, promoting gendersensitive policies, and fostering a conducive environment for women's engagement in politics. By advocating for inclusive and equitable political representation, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on women's empowerment and democratic governance in India.

Background: Tobacco use is a major modifiable risk factor for health which was found to affect dental health by accelerating the onset, severity, and progression of periodontal disease. Aim and Objectives: To assess the association of tobacco smoking with periodontal health and early loss of teeth among adult population of Visakhapatnam Material and Methods: Data was collected using a face to face interview of a validated fagerstorm questionnaire and Periodontal status from WHO oral health assessment form 2013 to assess the periodontal status of the participants.Based on Purposive sampling technique and the desired sample size was 430 was obtained. Results: Out of 430 participants, 244 (56.7%) were males and 186 (43.3%) were females. A population of 244 (187males and 57 females) members smoke their first cigarette within 5 mins of waking up, whereas 186 (129 males and 57 females’ members smoke their first cigarette within 6 to 30 minutes after waking up in the morning. 187 (29.8%) males and 58 (13.5%) females smoke 21 to 30 cigarettes per day. There is a significant change in the loss of attachment based on the scoring criteria the pocket depth is seen upto 4-5 MM in majority of the participants (1.21±0.17). Most of the tobacco users (73,44.5%) had chronic periodontitis with periodontal pocket of 4-5 mm and attachment loss of 6-8 mm (79,48.2%) followed by periodontal pocket of 6-8 mm (31,18.9%) and clinical attachment loss of 4-5 mm (28,17.1%). Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated that smoking negatively affects periodontal and gingival health. Preventing smoking will improve the oral and overall health related quality of life.

Context: Migration to urban areas, especially within the informal workforce, is often driven by the pursuit of better economic prospects, with many women among these migrants. Such transitions can influence health determinants, sometimes negatively impacting the well-being of migrant mothers and their children. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is a highly effective intervention that can alleviate critical public health issues, including reducing rates of infant mortality, malnutrition, and chronic diseases in later life. Aims: This study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to exclusive breastfeeding among lactating migrant mothers and examines associated variables within Pune’s informal sector. Settings and Design: Using purposive sampling, data was collected from various locations across Pune between March and April 2023. Participants were lactating migrant mothers engaged in informal work sectors. Information was gathered through a questionnaire, recorded in Excel, and analyzed for coding. Statistical Analysis: Analyses included Frequency, Percentages, and Pearson Correlation. Results: Among participants, 72% had moved to Pune for family reasons, including marriage, while others migrated for work. Half of the mothers identified breast milk as the primary food for a newborn and viewed EBF as beneficial for their child. A practice rate of 68.9% for exclusive breastfeeding over six months was observed. Conclusions: The study found a significant number of mothers practicing pre-lacteal feeding, and more than half did not start breastfeeding within the first hour after birth. However, a substantial proportion of mothers administered colostrum to their infants, often upon recommendations from doctors or other healthcare providers, despite some cultural reservations about its benefits

Vaccine hesitancy is the disinclination or turndown to vaccinate despite the vacuity of vaccines. It is said that by misinformation, mistrust in authorities, artistic beliefs, and socioeconomic difference. It's a complex and multifaceted issue that requires a combined trouble to address. By understanding the factors contributing to hesitancy, addressing misinformation, erecting trust, and enforcing targeted interventions, we can promote vaccine acceptance and cover public health. It's imperative that we work together to insure that vaccines remain one of the most effective tools in precluding contagious conditions and securing the health of individualities and communities worldwide.

Fungal pathogens and infections are an increasing global public health concern. People most at risk are those with underlying health problems or a weakened immune system, such as chronic lung disease, prior tuberculosis (TB), HIV, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. According to researchers over 5.7 crore Indians are affected by serious fungal conditions; around 4.1% of the Indian population is probably affected, which is similar to reports from other countries like China, Brazil, Korea, Senegal, and Germany. Over 300 million people worldwide suffer from major fungal illnesses, which cause 1.6 million deaths yearly. The World Health Organisation Fungal Priority Pathogen List (FPPL) intends to concentrate and direct additional research and policy measures to boost the international response to fungal infections and antifungal resistance.

The proliferation of smartphones has transformed global communication but has also introduced significant health and social concerns over the past two decades. This review examines the challenges of excessive smartphone use, evaluates current mitigation strategies, and explores innovative approaches to foster healthier digital habits. Key contributors to digital dependency include psychological triggers like instant gratification, pervasive notifications, and social validation. Despite the development of interventions like digital detox programs and apps to limit screen time, their effectiveness remains limited. This paper explores the need for evidence-based tools, societal education, and individual strategies to address the growing challenges of digital addiction. Furthermore, it introduces a range of practical tools to facilitate effective digital detoxification.

The Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance (BFSI) sector in Telangana is undergoing rapid transformation due to technological advancements, regulatory changes, and increasing demand for financial inclusion. This study examines the current skill landscape in the BFSI sector, highlighting the gap between the industry’s evolving needs and the workforce’s existing competencies. Through a comprehensive analysis of the skill requirements— ranging from traditional banking skills to advanced digital proficiencies like fintech, data analytics, and cybersecurity the study identifies critical areas where the talent pool is falling short. The study explores the impact of digitalization on the sector, noting a significant shift in demand toward tech-driven roles. It also investigates the current state of education and training in Telangana, revealing that traditional academic programs do not fully align with the practical skills needed by BFSI employers. Moreover, the resistance to adopting new technologies and the lack of industry relevant training programs contribute to this growing skill gap. In response, the study suggests actionable solutions, including the integration of BFSI-specific courses in higher education, collaborations between industry and academia, and government initiatives focused on skill development. These measures aim to enhance the employability of Telangana’s workforce, ensuring that it can meet the dynamic needs of the BFSI sector. Ultimately, the study provides insights that can guide policymakers, educational institutions, and industry leaders in bridging the skill gap, thereby fostering a more competitive and capable workforce in Telangana’s BFSI industry.

Lower limb Defects were encountered by the plastic surgeons most commonly in the practise. The management and reconstruction of complex lower limb defects needs a multidisciplinary team approach. A multidisciplinary team has successfully adopted advanced reconstructive methods combined with modalities from regenerative medicine to enhance the results of difficult reconstruction. These procedures, known as "Hybrid reconstruction ladder," combine conventional reconstruction techniques with regenerative medicine applications. This review article provides a summary of the benefits of using a hybrid reconstruction ladder to create a healthy wound bed and reconstruction in a case of Lower limb defect reconstruction