Journal of Global Public Health

Vaccine hesitancy is the disinclination or turndown to vaccinate despite the vacuity  of vaccines. It is said that by misinformation, mistrust in authorities, artistic beliefs, and  socioeconomic difference. It's a complex and multifaceted issue that requires a combined trouble  to address. By understanding the factors contributing to hesitancy, addressing misinformation,  erecting trust, and enforcing targeted interventions, we can promote vaccine acceptance and  cover public health. It's imperative that we work together to insure that vaccines remain one  of the most effective tools in precluding contagious conditions and securing the health of  individualities and communities worldwide.

Fungal pathogens and infections are an increasing global public health concern. People most at risk are those with underlying health problems or a weakened immune system, such as chronic lung disease, prior tuberculosis (TB), HIV, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. According to researchers over 5.7 crore Indians are affected by serious fungal conditions; around 4.1% of the Indian population is probably affected, which is similar to reports from other countries like China, Brazil, Korea, Senegal, and Germany. Over 300 million people worldwide suffer from major fungal illnesses, which cause 1.6 million deaths yearly. The World Health Organisation Fungal Priority Pathogen List (FPPL) intends to concentrate and direct additional research and policy measures to boost the international response to fungal infections and antifungal resistance.

Background: Tobacco use is a major modifiable risk factor for health which was found to affect dental health by accelerating the onset, severity, and progression of periodontal disease.

Aim and Objectives: To assess the association of tobacco smoking with periodontal health and early loss of teeth among adult population of Visakhapatnam

Material and Methods: Data was collected using a face to face interview of a validated fagerstorm questionnaire and Periodontal status from WHO oral health assessment form 2013 to assess the periodontal status of the participants.Based on Purposive sampling technique and the desired sample size was 430 was obtained.

Results: Out of 430 participants, 244 (56.7%) were males and 18 6(43.3%) were females. A population of 244 (187males and 57 females) members smoke their first cigarette within 5 mins of waking up, whereas 18 6(129 males and 57 females’ members smoke their first cigarette within 6 to 30 minutes after waking up in the morning. 187 (29.8%) males and 58 (13.5%) females smoke 21 to 30 cigarettes per day. There is a significant change in the loss of attachment based on the scoring criteria the pocket depth is seen upto 4-5 MM in majority of the participants (1.21±0.17). Most of the tobacco users (73, 44.5%) had chronic periodontitis with periodontal pocket of 4-5 mm and attachment loss of 6-8 mm (79, 48.2%) followed by periodontal pocket of 6-8 mm (31, 18.9%) and clinical attachment loss of 4-5 mm (28, 17.1%).

Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated that smoking negatively affects periodontal and gingival health. Preventing smoking will improve the oral and overall health related quality of life.

Political participation of women is essential for the functioning and vitality of any democracy.In India, despite constitutional provisions and various initiatives, women's participation in politics remains significantly lower than that of men. This study aims to delve into the factors influencing women's political participation in Indian democracy and explore avenues for their empowerment in the political sphere. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, data, and case studies, this article examines socio-cultural, economic, and institutional barriers that hinder women's entry into politics. Additionally, it highlights successful initiatives and policy measures undertaken at various levels to enhance women's political participation. The study underscores the importance of addressing structural inequalities, promoting gender[1] sensitive policies, and fostering a conducive environment for women's engagement in politics.By advocating for inclusive and equitable political representation, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on women's empowerment and democratic governance in India.