International Physiology

The skin laxity is a feature which appears early over the face with age. The skin laxity  associated with old age can be corrected by various surgeries. Non-surgical treatment may be  another option. Hereby we are sharing our experience of using a non-surgical technique for skin  tightening using gel eye patches which contains collagen.
 

Burns and related injuries are common causes of deaths and disability. The highest incidences  of burn cases occur in children and adults. In children less than 2 years of age, contact with hot surfaces and scald burns are the most common presentation to the hospital. The practice of cooking at ground level or sleeping with a burning lamp are some of the causes. Early  management of this type of burns results in better outcomes. In this case we describe the role of  low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjuvant in the management of paediatric thermal burns.
 

Traditional breast conservative therapy (BCT) is lumpectomy, sentinel lymph node biopsy and   possible axillary dissection, and radiation therapy. BCT is, as known and considered all over the  world, is oncologically equivalent to mastectomy with regard to overall long-term survival rates.  BCT is the recommended treatment of choice for women with early stages breast cancer. The main
philosophy of BCT is optimizing cosmetic goals and minimizing the psychological morbidity  of a mastectomy while ensuring low rates of local recurrence. Achieving an oncologically safe  resection is maintained by tumor margin clearance. Ensuring an oncologic clearance with  increasing tumor size requires extensive breast parenchyma resection. And this results in large
volume resection and this requires volume replacement techniques. Depending on the amount of  breast volume resected, an autologous tissue transfer may be required to achieve requirement of  breast restoration. Latissimusdorsi flap and TRAM flap are two autologous tissues mostly used  to fulfill this restoration. This chapter focuses on the TRAM flap, one of the most commonly used autologous tissue in volume replacement reconstruction of the mastectomy defect.
 

Necrotizing fasciitis is an infection of subcutaneous tissue and fascia which may spread rapidly
to deeper tissue and surrounding tissue which may cause damage to the tissue and present as a
localized infection and fulminant septic shock with high mortality rate.1 Necrotizing fasciitis will
undergo extensive wound debridement of the necrotic tissue which may create huge raw area
with severe morbidity to the patient. Skin Allograft can be used as a biological dressing to cover
the wound as a bridge till the wound bed and general condition of the patient get improved has
been found to be effective in wound bed preparation. This study highlights our experience in
wound bed preparation using Allograft as an adjuvant in a case of necrotizing fasciitis.