International Journal of Political Science

In the complex tapestry of India's federal framework, the role of Governors has emerged  as a focal point of contention, rife with misuse and political interference. This review article  delves into the critical role Governors play within India's governance structure, emphasizing  the urgent need for substantial reforms. Drawing upon insights from influential commissions  such as the Rajamannar Committee, Administrative Reforms Commission, Bhagwan Sahay  Committee, Sarkaria Commission, Venkatachaliah Commission, Punchi Commission, and  Second Administrative Reforms Commission, it scrutinizes recommendations for rectifying the  current state of affairs. Central to the discourse is the necessity of overhauling the appointment  and operation of Governors, advocating for individuals of vast experience and unwavering  impartiality. These reforms serve as the linchpin for preserving the integrity of India's federal  system and upholding democratic values. These reforms are desirable and essential in an era  marked by political entanglements. By adopting a review approach that synthesizes insights  from diverse sources including scholarly literature, legal cases, and expert recommendations,  this article aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the challenges surrounding  theGovernor's office. Incorporating observations and suggestions contributes to the ongoing  discourse on enhancing the efficacy and integrity of India's governance apparatus within its  federal structure.

Since the days of colonialism, the debate on the nature of ancient political ideas, practices  and order has been going on. The Western scholars failed to appreciate the ideological depth  of ancient Indian political order and reduced it to as nothing but the reflection of religious  order. It was widely held that the democracy and its institutions originated in the West,  mainly in the ancient Greek. However, Indian scholars have mined a rich data and offered new  interpretations to ancient political ideas and practices in India. Now India has come to claim  that she is the ‘mother of democracy’. If we take democracy as a set of ideals and practices,  there are ample evidences that such practices were in vogue in ancient India. The ancient  Indian ideals of collective decision-making, toleration, respect of diversity, faith in Ahimsa,  harmonious blending between Individual and state through Dharma and other such values  are the essence of democratic practice and way of life. In addition, now it is proved with ample  evidence that this democratic culture was sustained and carried forward through various  democratic practices and institutions like ancient republics and Buddhist Sanghas.

The political socialization process is the through every human being learn the essentials of  socio-political life science he or she comes in to the world. Behavioral movement has sensitized  the scholars in comparative politics to shift their research area from the static aspects of  structural, legal, and historical analysis of the rural local governments to the dynamic aspect  of the functions of these institutions. This area has received impetuse specially from scholars  who have been oriented in the methodology of the functionalists. India is acknowledged for  its local administration through ages. The present local government structure has its roots in  Lord Mayo’s strategy of decentralization of 1870, followed by Lord Ripon’s enunciation of  local government in 1884; which had heralded a new trend of bringing people to the centrestage in managing their own affairs. Mahatma Gandhi said that “the centre of power is not in  Delhi or Calcutta or Bombay or in big cities; it should be distributed among the seven hundred  thousand villages of India”. The significance of local government in India has considerably  increased in the post-independent India. The present research paper examines the political  socialization aspects of the rural local body leaders from Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India.

Bharat is an ancient civilization and its prosperity had attracted many invasions some of  whom stayed back to exploit the country. In order to subjugate Bharat and exploit the resources  and people of Bharat these invaders and colonialists employed all the tricks they could. By  creating divisions among people of Bharat; falsifying its history; destroying its fabulous  education system; destroying its economy; destroying its agriculture; destroying its culture;  brutally killing its nationalist; and substituting exploitative administrative, police, judicial, tax,  education, economic and political systems the colonialists controlled and exploited Bharat.1  As  a result colonialist became prosperous and Bharat became poor. When colonialist were unable  to retain Bharat as a colony they left by dividing the country and handing over power. However  they and other powers in the world continue to try and control Bharat in order to continue to  exploit it. This creates many challenges before Bharat. The challenges faced by Bharat today can  be divided into two categories- internal challenges and external challenges.

E-Governance has emerged as a pivotal tool in transforming administrative processes,  enhancing efficiency, and fostering citizen-centric governance. Telangana State has been at  the forefront of leveraging Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to streamline  governance mechanisms and improve service delivery. This abstract provides a succinct  overview of the key e-governance initiatives undertaken by the Telangana State government,  highlighting their objectives, features, and impacts. The e-governance landscape in Telangana  is characterized by a diverse range of initiatives spanning various sectors, including citizen  services, digital infrastructure, and administrative reforms. Notable among these initiatives  is the "MeeSeva" portal, which serves as a one-stop platform for accessing a plethora of  government services online. Through MeeSeva, citizens can avail themselves of services such  as birth certificates, land records, utility bill payments, and more, thereby reducing the need for  physical visits to government offices. Furthermore, the Telangana Fiber Grid (T-Fiber) project  exemplifies the state's commitment to digital infrastructure development. By laying a robust  fiber optic network across the state, T-Fiber aims to provide high-speed internet connectivity  to every household, thereby bridging the digital divide and enabling inclusive growth.  Additionally, initiatives like the TS-iPASS (Telangana State Industrial Project Approval and  Self Certification System) have facilitated ease of doing business by streamlining the process of  obtaining industrial clearances and permits.

This contemporary analysis explores the intricate intersection between gender equality and  human rights, shedding light on the evolving landscape of these fundamental principles in the  21st century. The paper delves into the historical roots of gender inequality and the subsequent  global efforts to establish a framework for gender equity. By employing a multidisciplinary  approach, encompassing legal, sociocultural, and economic perspectives, the study examines  the challenges and advancements in the realization of gender equality as an essential  component of universal human rights. The analysis traverses key issues such as discrimination,  violence, and socio-economic disparities faced by diverse gender identities. It scrutinizes  the impact of cultural norms, legal frameworks, and institutional practices on perpetuating  or dismantling gender-based inequalities. Moreover, the study critically evaluates the role  of international organizations, governments, and grassroots movements in promoting and  safeguarding the rights of all individuals, irrespective of gender. In exploring contemporary  manifestations of gender discrimination, the analysis addresses emerging challenges, including  the digital gender divide, reproductive rights, and the intersectionality of gender with other  axes of identity. Special attention is given to the role of education, healthcare, and economic  empowerment in fostering sustainable gender equality. The study also investigates the role of  emerging technologies and artificial intelligence in either perpetuating bias or contributing to  a more inclusive and equitable society. Drawing upon recent case studies and empirical data,  this analysis aims to provide insights into the dynamic nature of gender equality and human  rights, identifying areas for improvement and innovation. Ultimately, the paper advocates  for a holistic and collaborative approach to address the multifaceted challenges hindering the  realization of true gender equality, fostering a global environment where every individual can  enjoy their human rights without discrimination or prejudice.

The research dealt with trading relations between India and Africa and how over the period  trade and investment strengthened in some areas. This paper analyses the trade and investment  areas between India and Africa in three sections. The first section deals with India’s exports and  imports, the second one with investment and third identifies and addresses the problems and  prospects. Further, it suggests strategies to overcome hurdles to foster development in trade  and investment. Trade and investment can be fortified in Pan-Africa, region-wise, and bilateral  basis. India and Africa have had good socio-cultural, political, economic, and trade relations  from ancient times. After the II World War, many Afro-Asian nations gained independence,  thus leading to strengthening relations among them. India always supported African countries  in their struggle for independence, apartheid, and UN Peace Missions. However, India and  Africa have started trade and investment in enduring their engagement further. The conclusion  focused on steps may be taken to endure the engagement between India and Africa.

The multi-party system that characterises India's political landscape is crucial in developing  the country's democratic processes and governance. This abstract investigates the major  elements and ramifications of India's multi-party system. The multi-party system in India is the  product of a varied and pluralistic society in which different political beliefs, regional interests,  and social concerns coexist. The system is made up of several political parties representing a  wide range of beliefs, from secular and socialist to conservative and nationalist. The Indian  National Congress, the Bharatiya Janata Party, regional parties such as the Samajwadi Party,  the Trinamool Congress, and others are among the most notable. Voters may voice their views  and concerns at the ballot box thanks to the multi-party system, which encourages competition  and choice. It encourages inclusion by catering to the needs of many areas, communities, and  social groupings. Furthermore, it promotes political creativity and adaptability to changing  conditions. This approach, however, has drawbacks. It frequently results in national and state  coalition governments, which can be unstable and prone to internal tensions. These alliances  necessitate concessions, which may impede thorough policy execution. Furthermore, the  proliferation of parties can lead to political landscape fragmentation and a concentration on  specific identity-based issues rather than larger national ones. The multi-party system in India  represents the country's democratic culture and diversity. While it provides citizens with more  options and diversity, it also poses governance issues. The system's effectiveness is dependent  on political actors' capacity to form successful coalitions and balance regional and national  interests, eventually contributing to India's democracy's vitality and durability.