Indian Journal of Waste Management

Plotting positions were compared using Weibull’s and Gringorten’s methods. The daily rainfall data of Pune (plain zone) was analyzed for determination of D-days (D=2, 4, 5, and 6 days) rainfall total. The relationship between one day and D-days rainfall totals in Plain Zone was developed. Weibull’s formula was found better than Gringorten’s formula for plotting positions for the observed data of Pune station. The relationships between one day and D-day annual maximum values of rainfall were found to be exponential in nature for Pune

The freshwater on the earth is about 3% and due to increase in water pollution levels and climate change, this small percentage of fresh water is decreasing continuously. The current study conducted in Kashmir valley intends to evaluate the University students’ awareness regarding water pollution in order to show the environmental education contribution in reducing water pollution. The study was conducted in Higher educational institutions of Kashmir valley in J&K region by field questionnaire survey with 400 students from various universities of Kashmir valley. The self developed validated questionnaire used in this study was divided according to the pollution causes into industrial, agricultural and sewage water pollutants. The data collected was analysed using suitable statistical tools. The study revealed that majority of the students male as well as female students have high interest in environmental conservation, yet, a lack of education in general environmental education, as the current educational curriculum focuses on theoretical aspects more than the practical ones. The study further revealed that the media role is inactive concerning environmental awareness of water pollution. It is concluded that our study provides a scientific view of policy makers for potential future conditions to find solutions that achieve sustainability goals. A water secure world can reduce the poverty, advances education, and increases living standards of people.

Uniform water distribution in field is necessary for uniform crop growth and higher yield. Controlled discharge of irrigation water at root zone depth is possible with microirrigation. Microsprinkler system requires low head as compared to normal/conventional sprinklers and had been proved effective for uniform distribution of irrigation water and subsequently resulted into higher yield of crop. The UCC values for microsprinkler spacings of 8 m x 8 m (T1), 7 m x 7 m (T2), 6 m x 6 m (T3), 5 m x 5 m (T4), 4 m x 4 m (T5) and 3 m x 3 m (T6), were 68, 78, 87, 90, 92 and 94% respectively were obtained experimentally. The water depth applied in T1, T2, T3, T 4, T5 and T6 was 17.1, 18.2, 19.9, 22.1, 26.6 and 32.9 cm, respectively. The cauliflower yield obtained in T1, T2, T3, T4, T 5 and T6 were 22.82, 23.80, 28.13, 31.70, 29.00 and 26.40 tonne/ha respectively. The maximum water use efficiency, 1.43 tonne/ha-cm, was recorded in T4 and minimum, 0.80 tonne/ha-cm, in T6. UCC, depth of water application (x) and actual yield (Y) were used to develop the production function based on the concepts of Bernuth (1983). The production function for cauliflower was obtained as Y = -200.531 + 4.083 + 0.0081x2 {1 + 1.570 (1- UCC/100)2}.