Indian Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

With an incidence of 5.2 per 100,000, collagenous colitis has a female preponderance and peaks at the age of 50–70 years and female to male ratio of 9:1. It is associated with HLA B8/HLA DR3 and shows increased expression of HLA1. The underlying pathogenesis is decreased levels of interstitial collagenase which leads to reduced matrix degradation which in turn results in accumulation of matrix proteins and this causes defective sodium and chloride absorption. Diagnosis is based upon microscopic analyses of colonic biopsies. The characteristic histopathological finding is the collage band thickening that mainly occurs in the caecum and transverse colon in over 80% cases and in the rectum is lesser than 30%. Blood and urine cultures are usually normal and endoscopy and radiographic evidences are absent. We hereby report a case who presented with a history of intermittent watery diarrhea associated with occasional low-grade fever that spanned over about five years and was finally diagnosed as a case of collagenous colitis.

Keywords: Collagenous colitis; Collagenase; Matrix proteins; Colonic biopsies; Transverse colon.

The science of nutrition is currently transiting to organic age. Organic food consumption has become more popular and accepted in present-day scenario. The market for organic foods has boomed rapidly. The present review is related to health benefits that could be attributed to the consumption of foods produced under organic farming method. Relevant papers were identified from Science Direct, Google Scholar and pubmed by using all combinations of the search terms related to health and organic foods.

Keywords: Organic foods; Conventional; Foods; Health.

Background: Congenital musculoskeletal deformities of the foot are relatively common in newborns. About 80% or more of clubfoot comeout as result of isolated birth defects and are considered idiopathic. The aim of this study is to find out the status of such problem in North Chotanagpur Division of Jharkhand. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Patliputra Medical College & Hospital, Dhanbad, Jharkhand. Total 250 newborns and old baby were examined during this short period. Results: The total number of cases with clubfoot were 50 with an incidence of 1.9/1000 births. Occurrence of clubfoot was more common in male neonates than in female neonates (Male: Female ratio, 1:0.85), unilateral CTEV (58%) was more common than bilateral CTEV (42%). Idiopathic cases were more common than secondary cases. Conclusion: Significant numbers of cases were found in males, unilateral CTEV was more common.

Keywords: Clubfoot; CTEV; Congenital; Neonates.

Introduction: Vitamin D 3 deficiency continues to be an unrecognized epidemic in many populations around the world. Vitamin D is important for the absorption of calcium, and bone formation and maintenance Materials and Methods: 150 patients enrolled for the study along with control, serum analyzed by vitros – Eci- dry chemistry analyzer, (Johnson–Johnson). Study done in CRGH Hospital, in R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, during Dec. 2015- Sep. 2016. All data were analyzed by Graph pad. Prism 8. Results: We have found decrease level of Vitamin D in patients with higher serum PSA level, p value < 0.0001. Conclusion: Supplementation of Vitamin D is required for developing countries especially for older having higher risk of prostate carcinoma.

Keywords: Vitamin D; Prostate carcinoma; Calcium; Phosphorous.

Background: Wounds can occur accidently or after surgery for wide variety of reasons. The exposed subcutaneous tissue is a favorable home for optimal growth of many microorganisms. Because of injudicious use of antimicrobials, getting medication without proper prescriptions there is rapid emergence of resistance to many important antimicrobials. This study was carried out to outline bacterial profile and antimicrobial drug resistance in our hospital. Materials and Methods: All wound swabs received in microbiology laboratory were considered. These wound swabs were inoculated on blood agar in case of Gram positive bacteria and MacConkey agar for Gram negative bacteria. Series of biochemical tests were done for gram-negative and gram-positive bacterias. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was performed for all isolates. Results: A total of 496 patients with wound infection were included in this study. Out of 496 samples 387 (78.3%) were culture positive while 109 (21.97%) showed no growth. Out of 387 positive samples 121 (31.26%) were gram positive while rest 266 (68.73%) were gram negative. S. aureus (72) is mostly resistant to erythromycin 69 (95.8%), levofloxacin 449 (61.1%) and cefoxitin 44 (61.1%), but is susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid and amoxicillin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (86) showed the highest resistance to cefoperazone/ sulbactam (100%) and amikacin 80 (93.02%), while as ceftriaxone and ampicillin sulbactam were most effective antibiotics with resistance rates of 2.3% and 4.6% respectively. E. coli showed highest resistance to cotrimoxazole 27 (79.4%) followed by ampicillinsulbactam 25 (74%). Conclusions: Antimicrobial resistance is also a serious concern in our hospital similar to other health care institutions in our country and worldwide.

Keywords: Wounds; Bacteria; Culture; Antimicrobial resistance.

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) account for large proportion of deaths and disabilities worldwide. Microalbuminuria is a known indicator of atherosclerosis and its association with ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been extensively studied. But the significance of urine microalbumin in non-diabetics, non-hypertensive ischemic heart disease, however, is yet to be elucidated. Materials and Methods: In present study 100 patients of ischemic heart disease (IHD) with no history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension were studied to ascertain the role of microalbuminuria as a marker of ischemic heart disease. Results: Out of all patients 85% were males and 15% females. In present study microalbuminuria (20–200 mg/L) was found in 69% of patients. Conclusion: In present study high microalbuminuria was observed in non-diabetic non-hypertensive ischemic heart disease patients.

Keywords: Microalbuminuria; Ischemic heart disease; Non-diabetes; Non-hypertensive.

Introduction: Dengue viral infections are the most important mosquito-borne diseases of the Indian subcontinent and have become a major global public concern. World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated about 50 million cases of dengue infection every year worldwide. This disease caused by dengue ranges from a relatively minor febrile illness to a lifethreatening condition characterized by extensive capillary leak. Apoptotic hepatocytes are found to be colocalized with dengue virus infected hepatocytes, suggesting that hepatocytes are the major site of dengue virus replication in the liver. Objective: To evaluate hematological and biochemical changes in serologically proven patients with clinical manifestations of dengue fever. Materials and Methods: The present study has been carried out in General Hospital Fatehabad, District Fatehabad, Haryana. Fifty patients suffering from fever were included in study. Blood samples of twentyfive febrile individuals belonging to each group, seronegative for Dengue (Group A) and seropositive Dengue subjects (Group B) were taken. Hb, TLC, Platelet count, SGOT and SGPT estimations were done of febrile patients seronegative for Dengue (Group A) and seropositive Dengue patients (Group B). Result: It was found that in seropositive dengue patients the Hb values are low as compared to seronegative dengue patients, i.e. Hb ranging from 5.8–11.2 gm/dl in seropositive dengue patients and 10.2–15.6 gm/dl in seronegative dengue patients. TLC range in seronegative dengue patients is 5800– 10800/cumm and in seropositive dengue patients it is recorded as 1300–4800/cumm. The study also depicted that platelet count is comparatively low among seropositive dengue patients, i.e. 20,000–80,000 cells/cumm as compared to seronegative dengue patients in which platelet count ranges from 1,58,000– 3,32,000 cells/cumm. SGOT and SGPT values are raised in seropositive dengue patients as compared to seronegative dengue patients with SGOT ranging between 68–540 IU/L among seropositive dengue patients and 8–40 IU/L among seronegative dengue patients. The values of SGPT range from 12–30 IU/L in seronegative dengue patients and 63–480 IU/L in seropositive dengue patients. Conclusion: Considering the results, it was concluded that in seropositive dengue patients Hb and platelet levels are low as compared to seronegative dengue patients whereas TLC levels show a decrease in seropositive Dengue patients but sometimes it may also be increased due to other bacterial infections. Biochemical markers, i.e. SGOT and SGPT were higher in seropositive dengue patients as compared to seronegative dengue patients.

Keywords: Dengue; Vector borne; Hemorrhagic; Platelet count; TLC; SGOT and SGPT.