Indian Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

 RH isoimmunization is known complication in mother with Rh negative blood group carrying Rh positive fetus. In rh isoimmunization treatment is easier as compare to past because of advancement in ultrasonography and fetal medicine speciality. This article includes pathophysiology in rh isoimmunize fetus ands its managment.

 Acardiac twinning, a rare congenital anomaly of monozygotic twin pregnancy, often results from abnormal placental anastomosis. This leads to reverse arterial perfusion with complex pathophysiology. Among the twin, acardiac twin is one of the twins that fails to develop head, arms and heart and gets its entire blood supply from structurally normal pump twin. The term reversed perfusion is used to describe this condition because blood enters the acephalic twin through umbilical artery and exit through umbilical vein which is opposite to the normal supply. The acardiac twin loses direct vascular connection with placental villi and receives its entire blood supply from pump twin. Here we are presenting a primigravida of 26 weeks with  monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation. One of the twins was acardiac acephalous  and the other pump twin  with hydrops.  

 Maternal infection acquired during pregnancy and perinatal period can adversely affect pregnancy outcome as well as morbidity of the newborn. It could result in stillbirth or associated with many congenital anomalies, specific for the type of infection. The organism may be bacterial, viral and protozoal. Early detection and prompt institution of therapy wherever available can prevent morbidity and mortality of the newborn. Vaccination is available against many such infections like varicella, rubella, HepatitisB which has helped in reduction of such infection. CMV against which no vaccination is available yet, is emerging as the most common infection in this category. The scope of this article will include an overview of such injections followed by salient features about CMV infection. 

 Surrogacy refers to a contract in which a woman carries a pregnancy “for” another couple. In this article, situations are discussed when surrogacy is resorted. Criteria for selection of surrogate mother are highlighted. Although surrogacy arrangement appears to be beneficial for all parties concerned, there are certain delicate issues which need to be addressed in order to protect the rights of the surrogate mother and the intended parents. With the advent of ART, Surrogacy has emerged as a significant social problem, posing legal, ethical, social, and psychological dilemmas.

 Background: Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and the ability to detoxify them with the help of antioxidants. The premature infant is especially susceptible to ROSinduced damage because of inadequate antioxidant stores at birth, as well as impaired upregulation in response to oxidant stress. Thus, the premature infant is at increased risk for the development of ROSinduced diseases of the newborn, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, and periventricular leukomalacia. Purpose of Review:This review will examine the unique susceptibility of premature infants to oxidative stress, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of common disorders of the preterm infant, and potential for therapeutic interventions using enzymatic and/or nonenzymatic antioxidants. Methodology: An extensive search was made on internet as well as Neonatology textbooks were referred for this review. Summary: Potential therapies for ROSinduced disease include both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant preparations. More research is required to determine the beneficial effects of supplemental antioxidant therapy. 

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is to be studied thoroughly as there is increasing trend of it due to increasing maternal age and obesity and we as obstetricians are afforded the rare opportunity to alter the natural course of the disease and change the future health of women and her newborn. We must all have a vision towards Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and a mission not to miss it in any patient and as Obstetricians we should be able to do multitasking so as to reduce the constraints of human resources like dietician, dialectologists and physician in our clinical setting. 75 g Glucose Challenge test (DIPSI) is promising, single step, cost effective one to diagnose Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Lifestyle Modification with multiple treatment modalities including Oral Hypoglycemics, Insulin can make the diabetic pregnancy comparable to nondiabetic in its maternal and perinatal outcome. 

 Not Provided.