Indian Journal of Communicable Diseases

Unintentional childhood injuries cause high mortality and disability. Objective of this crosssectional study, conducted in two villages of Delhi, India, wasto assess risk of unintentional childhood injuries. Study population included adolescents and adult women of selected families. Data was collected by interview of the subjects and observation of domestic and peri-domestic environment, covering 121 houses, which included 299 adolescents and 164 women. Knowledge of the subjects regarding injuries and their prevention was assessed as Mean Subject Knowledge Score, which for the total population was 3.60 (15% of total score). Mean Family Practice Scoreas reported by subjects were 11.50 (38% of total score) and 10.60 (35% of total score) regarding injury prevention and injury treatment seeking behavior respectively. Mean environmental safety score was 19.95 (49.8% of total score). Mean knowledge score was 3.58 for adolescents and 5.00 for women. The difference was not statistically significant. Mean score regarding family practices for prevention of injuries was 13.45 for adolescents and 10.03 for women, with statistically significant difference. Mean score regarding injury treatment seeking behavior did not show any difference. Families under study are at high risk of unintentional childhood injuries, as knowledge of subjects and family practices regarding injury prevention and injury treatment seeking behaviorare poor, along with low environment safety score.

Integrated management of vectors is an affordable, effective and efÀcient intervention for facing the challenge of increasing burden of vector borne diseases especially in developing countries where resources are scarce and limited. Vector borne diseases like Dengue, malaria etc are taking heavy toll in terms of morbidity, mortality and also adversely affects economy and serve as major obstacle for socioeconomic development of a developing country like India. Scope 1. To reduce Burden of VBDs in World and in India 2. Elimination of Malaria, Filariasis and Visceral leishmaniasis 3. To improve public health and Socio-economic development 4. Control of emerging and re emerging diseases 5.To reduce the Ànancial burden due to Vector borne diseases. Following Vector control strategies are the pillars of integrated vector management. 1. Source reduction 2. Appropriate methods to control larva. 3.Adult mosquitoe control measures. 4. Community education & Participation for risk assessment and interventions. Other challenges in implementation of IVM are lack of capacity building and poorly deÀned the role of advocacy. Supportive legislative framework is lacking and also there is inadequate intersectoral co ordination. Human Resource development is a major Challenge because skilled manpower and adequate infrastructure from central level to grass root level are the prerequisites for effective implementationof IVM. Implementation of integrated vector management strategies need strengthening. The implementing agencies should analyze the opportunities depending upon the situational and for effective implementation co operation from all stake holders is essential.

Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) is a rare condition associated with helminthic infections, particularly wuchereria bancrofti, causing lymphatic filariasis. We present a case of TPE in a 27-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with fever, cough, and progressive dyspnea. The patient exhibited high total leukocyte count with eosinophil predominance, diffuse centrilobular nodules with ground-glass opacities on thoracic computed to mography (CT), and hepatomegaly with grade I fatty liver on abdominal ultrasound. The final diagnosis of TPE was confirmed by positive filarial antibody IgG and elevated total IgE levels. The patient responded well to a comprehensive treatment approach involving broad-spectrum antibiotics, antivirals, anti-parasitics, steroids, bronchodilators, oxygen supplementation, and supportive care. This case emphasizes the importance of considering TPE in patients with respiratory symptoms and eosinophilia and provides insights into the diagnostic workup, management, and current literature on this condition.

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a relatively common sporadic central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (most often) and HSV 2 (occasionally). The final diagnosis depends on CSF PCR study to conclude the presence of the HSV in CNS. But as this is not possible in all patients due to limited availability and precluded in patients with raised intracranial tension, clinical and radiological features with a high index of suspicion is the cornerstone of early diagnosis and managing this acute, potentially lethal CNS infection. HSE presents with initial nonspecific symptoms like fever, headache followed by rapidly evolving neurological features namely, seizures, impaired sensorium and altered behavior which, if left untreated, may progress to coma, quadiparesis and death. Early diagnosis and treatment with appropriate antiviral drug acyclovir can control the infection and promote recovery, especially in elderly people who are usually severely affected by the virus due to their comorbidities and possible immunocompromised state. Here we present an elderly woman with essential hypertension who was admitted with symptoms of a viral fever rapidly progressing to loss of consciousness. Her imaging features and clinical presentation was supplementated by serological test positive for HSV 1 IgG and IgM antibody. She was promptly dealt with by necessary medical therapy precluding CSF study for HSV-PCR due to her raised intracranial tension. She recovered completely and uneventfully in 2 weeks. Physiotherapy was instituted.