Community and Public Health Nursing

Community health nurse work in families in a variety of settings like clinic school offices and homes etc. An important aspects of community health nurse’s role in promoting health of people is by providing services to individual families in their homes. Home visiting is one of the most important aspect of community health service. This study was based on quantitative approach. The population was second year Basic B.Sc. Nursing students in the selected nursing college. The sample size of 30 students. Research Design non-experimental approach is use to assess the knowledge. Conceptual framework used for present study is “Modified general system mode” total sample size is 30 and selected by Non-probability purposive sampling technique. The pilot study was conducted from 18.02.2020 to 27.02.2020. As per laid down criteria 3 sample were selected from Basic B.Sc. nursing college for pilot study from non-probability purposive sampling technique. The data gathering process began on 29.10.20 to 5.11.20. The inclusion criteria were: The study is limited to 2nd year Basic B.Sc. Nursing students. Male and female is included. Who are willing to participate in the study? The investigator visited the selected Basic B.Sc. Nursing College and obtained the necessary permission from the concerned authorities, after explaining the objectives and purpose of the study to the 2nd year Basic B.Sc. Nursing students consent was obtained from them for participation in the study. Pre-test was given to assess their knowledge regarding Home visiting. The structured teaching on study regarding Home visiting was given to the participants of the study. Post-test was conducted on 7th day of structured teaching. Based on the Objective and Hypothesis the data analyzed and by using various statistical tests i.e., Percentage, mean, chi square and standard deviation, T-test, the level of significance set for testing the hypothesis was at 0.05. Result: The finding shows that in pre-test score, 13.33% of sample has poor level knowledge, 86.67% of sample has average level of knowledge, 0% of sample has good level of knowledge. But in post-test score. 46.67% of sample has good level of knowledge, 53.33% sample has average level of knowledge. The finding shows that calculated ‘T’ value was much higher than tabulated value. Hence, it was strongly interpreted that the structured teaching regarding Home visiting was effective. Community health nurse work in families in a variety of settings like clinic school offices and homes etc. An important aspects of community health nurse’s role in promoting health of people is by providing services to individual families in their homes. Home visiting is one of the most important aspect of community health service. This study was based on quantitative approach. The population was second year Basic B.Sc. Nursing students in the selected nursing college. The sample size of 30 students. Research Design non-experimental approach is use to assess the knowledge. Conceptual framework used for present study is “Modified general system mode” total sample size is 30 and selected by Non-probability purposive sampling technique. The pilot study was conducted from 18.02.2020 to 27.02.2020. As per laid down criteria 3 sample were selected from Basic B.Sc. nursing college for pilot study from non-probability purposive sampling technique. The data gathering process began on 29.10.20 to 5.11.20. The inclusion criteria were: The study is limited to 2nd year Basic B.Sc. Nursing students. Male and female is included. Who are willing to participate in the study? The investigator visited the selected Basic B.Sc. Nursing College and obtained the necessary permission from the concerned authorities, after explaining the objectives and purpose of the study to the 2nd year Basic B.Sc. Nursing students consent was obtained from them for participation in the study. Pre-test was given to assess their knowledge regarding Home visiting. The structured teaching on study regarding Home visiting was given to the participants of the study. Post-test was conducted on 7th day of structured teaching. Based on the Objective and Hypothesis the data analyzed and by using various statistical tests i.e., Percentage, mean, chi square and standard deviation, T-test, the level of significance set for testing the hypothesis was at 0.05. Result: The finding shows that in pre-test score, 13.33% of sample has poor level knowledge, 86.67% of sample has average level of knowledge, and 0% of sample has good level of knowledge. But in post-test score. 46.67% of sample has good level of knowledge, 53.33% sample has average level of knowledge. The finding shows that calculated ‘T’ value was much higher than tabulated value. Hence, it was strongly interpreted that the structured teaching regarding Home visiting was effective.

Adolescents generally are less informed, less experienced and less confident about sexual matters and get into lot of sexual related problems such as premarital unprotected sexual indulgence resulting in STDs, illegitimate teenage pregnancies, sexual abuse, violence, exploitation, etc. Therefore it is very important to conduct sex education for adolescence so that they learn about: normal functioning of reproductive system, the healthy relationship with       opposite sex, safe and protected sex, contraceptives, measures to prevent sexual exploitation by anyone in the family, school/college, neighborhood etc. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Research Approach was used as quantitative approach. Research Design is planned, structure and strategy of investigation of answering there search question in overall planned. And non- experimental approach is use to assess the knowledge. Conceptual framework used for present study is “Modified general system mode” total sample size is 30 and selected by Non probability convenient sampling technique. In these study accessible population 10-12 year school students who meet the designated criteria and who are also available for research study. In this study, inclusion criteria were 10-12 year school student who are willing to participate, 10-12 year school students who are available during the data collection, and 10-12 year students who are able to read and write English. 10-12 year school students who are studying in selected in schools and exclusion criteria was above and below 10-12 year school students who are not willing to participate. The tool for the study was prepared by referring books, internet and related research. The tool was validated by 7 experts of various fields. Suggestion proposed was incorporated and necessary changes are made. The tool was divided 3 sections. section A: it consist of demographic variables, section B consist of background variables and section C consist of 30 question items and each correct response carry 1 mark. The pilot study was conducted by administrating the questionnaire to 5 respondents. The reliability of the questionnaire was done by karl pearson’s formula and tool was found reliable and feasible. The data collection process of main study was done on 18/10//2023 in selected school. Prior visit was made to the selected school to take permission from concerned authorities. After explaining objectives and the purpose of the study, consent was taken from participant. Then test was conduct of duration of 45 minutes. Based on objectives data was analyzed by using various statistical tests, mean, mean percentage, standard deviation, etc. Results in present study shows that the pretest level of knowledge mean score is 13.66 and post- test level of knowledge mean score is 27.13, the pretest knowledge belong to very poor group was 0%, poor 13.33%, would 17%, very good 16.6%, excellent was 0% the posttest knowledge belong to very poor group was 0%, poor 0%, would 0%, very good 10%, excellent was 90%. The mean difference is 13.47. Only belonging area is associated with the result but age, previous knowledge, source of knowledge and gender or not associated with the result. Conclusion, In the study pretest mean score is 13.66 and post-test mean score is 27.13 H1 is accepted that means the study was effective. 

Tobacco use, particularly smoking, is a major public health concern, especially among young people, who are often at risk of starting smoking at an early age. The study was conducted in a specific community area of New Delhi to evaluate adolescents’ awareness of the health risks associated with tobacco use, including its links to heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other serious health conditions. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from adolescents aged 12-18 years, focusing on their knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking, factors influencing their attitudes towards tobacco use, and sources of information they rely on for learning about smoking-related risks. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the gaps in knowledge and the misconceptions that may exist among adolescents regarding tobacco smoking. The findings highlight the importance of targeted health education and awareness campaigns in schools and communities to reduce tobacco use initiation and promote healthier lifestyles among young people. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing tobacco prevention efforts and improving adolescent education on the risks of smoking.Problem Statement: A descriptive study to evaluate knowledge of adolescents regarding tobacco smoking in selected community area of New Delhi Objectives:  1. To assess the knowledge regarding tobacco hazards.  2. To find the association between knowledge score and selected demographic variables. Results: The relationship between adolescents’ knowledge of tobacco use and specific sociodemographic factors, including age in years, education, father’s occupation, monthly family income, family kinds, and tobacco smoking addiction practices of family members. The findings showed that adolescents’ demographic characteristics and their knowledge of tobacco use did not significantly correlate. Thus, the null hypothesis is accepted and the research hypothesis H1 is rejected.  Conclusion: The present study concluded that the adolescent boys’ knowledge of drug addiction prevention was lacking. The  study’s conclusions demonstrated how successful the progressive study was in raising adolescents’ level of  wareness about tobacco smoking among adolescents. The study found that all of the adolescents in the experimental group had increased levels of knowledge of tobacco smoking, regardless of differences in demographic characteristics. 

Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element for many physiological, immunological, and metabolic functions in the human body. Both developed and developing nations’ populations are impacted by zinc deficiencies. Insulin is significantly influenced by zinc. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a term used to describe impaired glucose metabolism, which can cause a variety of illnesses and is characterized by a weakened immune system in the affected individual. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess serum zinc level in diabetic subjects in comparison of non-diabetic subjects. Methodology: In the study normal (n 30) and type-2 diabetic (n 30) volunteer subjects of both genders (age 35-50 years) enrolled for the study. All normal and diabetic subjects were screened serum Zn level, to find out serum zinclevel among diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Result: The results revealed that the mean of serum zinc level in normal subjects was 101.37±25.76 μg/dl and diabetic subjects it was 62.70±11.74 μg/dl. Conclusion: It was found that serum zinc levels were low in diabetic subjects.
 

This study investigates the immunization status of children among the Bhunjia tribe in Chhattisgarh, India, highlighting the factors influencing vaccination coverage in this marginalized community. The primary aim was to assess the immunization rates and identify barriers affecting vaccine uptake. Using a cross-sectional survey methodology, data were collected from 206 mothers of children aged 11 to 59 months. The findings revealed that only 33.01% of children were fully immunized against six vaccine-preventable diseases, with notable coverage disparities: BCG vaccination was received by 86.41% of children, while measles coverage was only 34.95%. A significant barrier identified was the lack of awareness, with 43.24% of mothers unaware of the need for immunization. Additionally, logistical challenges such as distance to healthcare facilities contributed to low vaccination rates. The analysis also indicated that the availability of approachable roads was significantly associated with improved immunization status, emphasizing the importance of health infrastructure in tribal areas. The results underscore the urgent need for targeted public health interventions to raise awareness and improve accessibility to immunization services. By addressing the unique challenges faced by the Bhunjia tribe, healthcare initiatives can enhance vaccination coverage and ultimately contribute to better child health outcomes in this and similar communities. Overall, this study highlights the critical role of community engagement and infrastructure development in promoting immunization among vulnerable populations.

This study entitled “study to assess the effectiveness of instructional approach on knowledge regarding prevention and management of road traffic accident among adults in selected areas of Gonda”submitted in the year 2024.

Aims: The objectives are to assess the knowledge level on prevention and management of road traffic accident among adults in selected areas of Gonda; to assess the effectiveness of instructional approach on knowledge regarding prevention and management of road traffic accident among adults in selected areas of Gonda; to determine the association between the knowledge with the socio-demographic variables.

Hypothesis: There is a significant association between the level of knowledge with socio demographic variables.

Design and setting: Quantitative approach quasi experimental one group pretest posttest design was used.

Methods and materials: Simple random sampling technique was used to select 50 participants. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Teaching program was conducted on prevention and management of Road traffic accident and the posttest was done on the 7th day. The results of this study revealed that there was a significant knowledge improvement (t=29.25, p<0.05) after the instructional approach.

Background: Though it can occur anywhere in the world, filaria is most common in underdeveloped nations and warm, humid climates. Controlling mosquito breeding grounds, preventing mosquito bites, and eliminating adult mosquitoes that transmit filaria are all part of the prevention of filaria. Health professionals, particularly those at the grassroots level, are essential in raising public awareness of filarial management strategies. Objectives are to assess the pretest knowledge on filarial control and preventive measures among grassroot level workers in selected areas of Deoria, to assess the effectiveness of community-based health education on knowledge regarding filarial control and preventive measures among grassroot level workers, to associate the knowledge with selected socio demographic variables. Methods: The Quantitative study was conducted utilising preexperimental one group pretest post-test design. 60 grassroot level workers were selected by purposive sampling technique. Data was collected and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings of the study indicated that, the post-test mean knowledge score was found higher than the pretest mean. Calculated ‘t’ test value was 16.33 was more than the tabulated value. Conclusion:This study revealed that health education was effective in improving knowledge regarding filarial control measures among grassroot level workers. 

Introduction: Community-based monitoring (CBM) is an emerging field in scientific research. While humans have always interacted with and observed their environment, structured community involvement in monitoring activities has only recently been integrated into formal research and practice. Aim of Community-Based Monitoring: The primary goal of CBM is to enhance and solidify community participation in health service planning, accountability, and action mechanisms. Specifically, under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), CBM aims to improve access to and utilization of health services. Relevance/Need of the Topic: According to World Health Organization (WHO) statistics and other sources, chronic diseases and psychological stress contribute to 80% of elderly deaths. Recent advancements in wireless communication and Smartphone technology offer significant potential to enhance health monitoring services and address these issues more effectively. Current Status of Community-Based Monitoring: The Community Based Planning and Monitoring Programme (CBPM) has been implemented in Bihar since May 2011 by the State Health Society. Key factors contributing to its success include strong civil society engagement, active involvement of public health personnel and community members, broad geographic representation, and effective monitoring committees. Existing Problems/Shortcomings: Despite the acceptance of CBM at the state level, there is often resistance or limited acceptance at the district and lower levels within many states’ health departments. This resistance can hinder the effectiveness and reach of CBM initiatives. Strategies to Improve the Situation: To address these challenges, it is crucial for the government to support research that enhances community-monitoring systems. Government leadership is needed to help states and communities identify and address key health monitoring needs. Empowering communities with knowledge and awareness will enable them to better monitor health systems and support local health care initiatives. Conclusion: Integrating Community Health Monitoring into national health programs is essential. It ensures systematic reporting, accountability, and efficient resource allocation. Additionally, it provides valuable data for decision-making, promotes continuous improvement, and fosters a culture of learning within the health sector.