Community and Public Health Nursing

Abscesses in the breast are common among nursing mothers and are usually nonmalignant. In this case report we have discussed case management of a primigravida female who developed breast abscess. During history collection we found poor attitude related to breast feeding and breast hygiene. Needle drainage was performed to relieve edema and antibiotics therapy was also initiated. Health education was delivered to this female regarding cleaning of breast, importance of Exclusive breast feeding and manual expression of breast milk.

This study entitled “Study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding millets and its importance among adolescents in selected community area at Salempur” submitted in the year 2024. Aims: The objectives are to evaluate the pre-test knowledge regarding millets and its importance among adolescents; to evaluate the post-test knowledge regarding millets and its importance among adolescents; to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding millets and its importance among adolescents; to find out association between pre-test knowledge score with selected demographic variables among adolescents. Hypothesis: H1: There will be a significant difference between mean pre-test knowledge score than their mean post-test knowledge score regarding millets and its importance among adolescents. H2: There will be significant association between pre-test level of knowledge score and demographic variables. Design and Setting: Quasi - experimental approach with one group pre-test post-test design was adopted. Methods and Materials: 60 samples were selected by purposive sampling technique. A structured knowledge questionnaire was utilized to assess the knowledge of the samples. Results: The mean pre-test knowledge score of samples regarding was 11.95, whereas mean post-test knowledge score was 20.90 with a mean difference of 9.95 and SD pretest was 2.80 and post-test was 2.65. The calculated 't' value 38.34 was greater than tabulated 't'= 1.98 which was statistically proved at 0.05 level of significance. It revealed that the Structured Teaching Programme was effective in increasing knowledge among the participants. Conclusion: This indicates that the Structured Teaching Programme was effective to enhance the level of knowledge regarding millets and its importance among adolescents.

Trainee Student Nurses are an important part of Health care. They are under training and going to nurse, and serve the patients. Covid-19 JN-1 variant have alerted the world for a new pandemic. So it is important to assess the knowledge of Trainee Student Nurses regarding Covid-19 JN-1 variant of Corona Virus. Context: I want to investigate: • Course and year wise knowledge assessment of Trainee students Nurses. • Knowledge assessment of students based on types of nursing institutions where they are studying. Aims: To assess knowledge of Trainee Student Nurses regarding Covid-19 JN-1 Variant. Settings and Design: In this study, I have queried self-developed questionnaires to 310 Trainee Student Nurses. Methods and Material: Questionnaire technique is used to collect relevant data from Trainee Student Nurses of selected Nursing institutions of Bihar. Online link was prepared and shared to Nursing Institutions. Those who have put yes as a consent for participation were included in this survey. Statistical Analysis Used: Parameters against which questionnaire was examined are as follows: • Information regarding Covid-19 JN.1 Virus among trainee students nurses. • Importance of public health measures to mitigate the impact of Covid-19 JN.1 variant. • Students attended CNE/workshop/training/educational classes regarding this variant of corona. Results: Out of 310 sample, 63.2% GNM students, 29.7% ANM students, 5.2% B.Sc. Nursing Students and 1.9% Post Basic B.Sc. Nursing students have participated in this survey. • 11.3% students have heard about Covid-19 JN.1 variant from Social media such as what’s up, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter. 7.4% students were heard about Covid-19 JN.1 variant from News channel. 4.8% students were heard about Covid-19 JN.1 variant from Newspaper. 3.9% students were heard about Covid-19 JN.1 variant from Colleagues/ Friends/Relatives. 3.2% students were heard about Covid-19 JN.1 variant from YouTube. • 77.4% students are aware of the potential impact of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant on public health while 22.6% students are not aware of the potential impact of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant on public health. • 50.6% students informed that they have not cared a suspected or confirmed cases of Covid-19 JN, I Variant while 49.4% students informed that they have cared a suspected or confirmed cases of Covid-19 JN.I Variant. • 57.1% students think that Covid-19 JN.1 Variant infection is more common in critically ill COVID-19 patient, 13.9% students think that Covid-19 JN.1 Variant infection is more common in critically ill COVID-19 patient, and 13.9% students think that Covid-19 JN.1 Variant infection is more common in critically ill COVID-19 patient. • 53.2% students think that local healthcare system is well-prepared to handle cases related to the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant, 22.6% students think that local healthcare system is not well-prepared to handle cases related to the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant and 24.2% students think that local healthcare system maybe well-prepared to handle cases related to the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant. • 68.4% students are confident in the scientific community's ability to monitor and address the Covid-19 IN.I Variant effectively. 15.5% students are confident that scientific community's ability to monitor and address the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant effectively, and 16.1% students are confident that scientific communities may be able to monitor and address the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant effectively. • 78.1% students believe that inter - national collaboration is crucial in managing the spread of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant, 6.1% students believe that international collaboration is not crucial in managing the spread of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant, and 15.8% students believe that international collaboration may be crucial in managing the spread of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant. • 79% students believe that they will support additional public health measures to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant, 6.1% students believe that they will not support additional public health measures to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant and 14.8% students believe that they may support additional public health measures to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 JN.1 Variant. • 43.2% students have not attended any CNE/ Workshop/ Training/educational classes regarding Covid-19 JN.1 Variant, while 56.8% students have not attended any CNE/ Workshop/ Training/educational classes regarding Covid-19 JN.1 Variant. Conclusions: Easy accessibility and affordability of Mobiles play an important role in mobile addiction. Less availability of time spend by parents with their children and involvement of both parents are the main reasons behind mobile addiction.

Introduction: World Health Organization estimates disclose that 1 in 10 health care workers (HCWs) worldwide sustain a needle stick injury each year. The risk of infection due to needle stick injuries (NSIs) varies from 0.5% to 40% for HIV and HBV infections, respectively. Globally, there is gross under-reporting of NSIs with the actual incidence of NSIs being much higher than those reported. Methodology: A quantitative research approach with one group pertest post-test design was used to assess the effectiveness of teaching program on knowledge regarding prevention and management of needle stick injury among staff nurse in a selected Hospital in Ajman, UAE. Data were obtained from 68 staff nurses by using a convenient sampling technique. Permission was sought from the hospital management and informed consent was taken from the participants. On 14th day after the teaching program, post-test was conducted for all the participants. The collected scores were tabulated and entered in the excel sheet and further analyzed by using SPSS statistical package. Results: The result shows that 79% of the staff nurses had adequate level of knowledge and only 21% had moderate level of knowledge. None of the staff nurses had poor knowledge regarding needle stick injury. After teaching program 97% of the staff nurses had adequate level of knowledge and only 3% had moderate level of knowledge. None of the staff nurses had poor knowledge regarding needle stick injury. Structured teaching program on needle stick injury was found to be effective at P (0.002). No association was found with any of the selected demographic variables. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that the structured teaching program could make a significant improvement in knowledge level of staff nurses. The study highlights the need for conducting similar awareness programs regarding prevention and management of needle stick injuries among healthcare professionals.

The study was experimental in nature with one group pre-test post-test design. The Planned teaching programme on dengue fever was developed by reviewing the extensive. Literature on dengue fever in terms of knowledge. The samples of 60 people were selected through probability simple random sampling technique. The instrument used for generating necessary data was a structured knowledge questionnaire.

The obtained data was analysed by using both descriptive and inferential statistical in terms of Mean, Standard Deviation, ‘t’value.

In the overall content area, mean gain scores were comparatively higher after exposure to planned teaching programme on dengue fever findings indicate that the planned teaching programme is a suitable and effective method of instruction.

On the basis of findings, the following recommendation were made: The study can be replicated on a large sample, there by findings can be generalised for a large population.