Community and Public Health Nursing

Kerala has been on high alert due to mysterious deaths of peoples because of an unidentified viral attack. Out of these, three were reported to be caused by Nipah Virus (NiV). As per the National Institute of Virology, Pune, Nipah Virus is the sole cause of these three deaths. The Nipah virus (NiV) has claimed ten lives, including a nurse who left a heartbreaking note to her family, in Kerala. Around two more have been confirmed to have contracted the disease, and 40 others have been quarantined. An unheard virus, NiV is yet to be understood by many. Here is what the virus is all about.

Background: Good health is the fundamental right of every human being and it is essential to lead a successful life. Women’s health in India can be examined in terms of multiple indicators, which vary by geography, socioeconomicstanding and culture. To adequately improve the health of women in India multiple dimensions of wellbeing must be analyzed in relation with global health averages and also in comparison to men in India. Currently, women in India face a multitude of health problems, which ultimately affect the aggregate economy’s output. Urinary tract infections are a serious health problem affecting millions of people each year. Women are especially prone to Urinary Tract Infections for reasons that are not yet well understood. One woman in five develops a Urinary Tract Infection during her lifetime.

Objective: To assess the pretest and posttest knowledge regarding Lower Urinary Tract Infection among adult females. To evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Lower Urinary Tract Infection among adult females. To associate theknowledge score with selected demographic variables.

Methodology: This study was based on quantitative approach. The research design used in this study was pre experimental one group pretest and posttest design. The sampling technique used in the study was non probability convenient sampling and the sample size of 60 adult female (18-60 year).

Result: The analysis reveals that posttest mean knowledge score was higher 25.75 with SD of ± 1.94 when compared with pretest mean knowledge score value which was 10.86 with SD of ±4.17. The calculated t value 29.06 is greater than table value 2.00 at 0.05 level of significance. Thus the H1 is accepted and H 0 is rejected.

Conclusion: the study concluded that planned teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge regarding Lower Urinary Tract Infection among adult female. Only age was associated with the knowledge of adult female regarding Lower Urinary Tract Infection.

Introduction: A healthy citizen contributes to the development of a country. Tribes are considered as the primitive groups who are back ward and have a shyness to contact with the community for their health services. So there is a need to look into their health status.

Aims: the study aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition and associated barriers among tribal women of Kasaragod district, Kerala. 

Settings and Design: the tribal settlements of Karadukka block panchayaths of Kasaragod district was selected randomly as the setting and the design adopted was a mixed method design (Explanatory design; follow up explanations model (QUAN→qual))

Methods and Material: a descriptive survey was undertaken among 445 tribal women in the reproductive age group from the selected tribal settlements and bio physiological measurements like weight in Kilogram, Height in Metre was collected using calibrated weighing machine, measuring tape and BMI was classified as underweight, normal and overweight. An unstructured interview was done for collecting data on associated barriers. Analysis was done using spss 16 and Strauss and Corbins grounded theory analysis approach.

Statistical analysis used: frequency and percentage distribution was done for identifying the prevalence of malnutrition and Strauss and Corbins grounded theory analysis approach for associated barriers.

Results: the study found that majority (54%) of participants had normal Body Mass Index, but 24% had severe thinness and 18% had mild thinness.

Conclusions: Among tribal women majority have malnutrition which is an indicator of the health status. In order to provide them with good health status Government and health professionals have to identify the causes and interfere in that through various promotive and therapeutic activities.

Osteoporosis is a systematic skeletal disorders characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increasing risk of bone fracture. This study was undertaken to assess the knowledge regarding osteoporosis and its prevention among 200 women attending selected OPD’s of Medical College Hospital, Ernakulam district, Kerala. Quantitative approach and descriptive survey was used in the study. The data was tabulated and analyzed using differential and inferential statistics like frequency, percentage and chi-square test. The conclusion drawn from the study had shown that 54 % had average knowledge regarding prevention of osteoporosis among women. There is an immense need of creating awareness among women regarding prevention of osteoporosis in order to make positive lifestyle changes.

A comparative study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on Cyberbullying among students in selected Secondary Schools and colleges of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The study was conducted in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of B.Sc. Nursing at Apollo institute of Nursing, Gandhinagar. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching program on Cyberbullying among students in selected Secondary Schools and colleges of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The ‘General system model’ adopted from Ludwg Von Breatalanaffy was used as the conceptual framework. A quantitative approach with quasi experimental study design was used to achieve the objective of the study. The samples consisted of 96 students of selected school and colleges of Gandhinagar, each. The samples are divided into two groups, 48 students from secondary school and 48 students from college. The simple random. Sampling technique was used to collect the sample. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of students of selected schools and colleges and the tool was found reliable. Data gathered was analyzed and interpreted using both experimental and inferential statistics. The mean on knowledge of Cyberbullying before the planned teaching program in pretest in school and college is 15.27 and 17.34 respectively whereas the mean of posttest, after the planned teaching program was 22.55 and 19.53 in school and college, respectively. The calculated “z” value was 12.72 and 3.83 for school and college respectively. Hence there  is no evidence against null hypothesis. The result strongly suggests that students are acquainted well with Cyberbullying after the administration of planned teaching program. This study therefore, offers an encouraging solution towards improvement of student’s knowledge in Cyberbullying.

This chapter deals with the statement of the problem, objectives of the study, operational definitions of the study, assumptions, hypotheses and the conceptual framework.

Problem Statement: “A study to assess the effectiveness of structural teaching program on the level of knowledge regarding organ donation among first year nursing students in MINS college, Latur”

 

Background: Estimates of health problems of the elderly in developing countries are required from time to time to predict trends in disease burden and plan health care for the elderly. Developing countries have a poor track record of equitable distribution of health care. Laughter therapy is effective in reducing physical problems and for improving health in older adults. Therefore, the investigator evaluated the effect of laughter therapy on physical health of institutionalized elderly.

Methodology: Quantitative approach with experimental design was used. Hundred samples were collected conveniently based on inclusion criteria and divided them into experimental and control groups. Validity and reliability of tools were obtained. The assessment of physical problems in institutionalized elderly refers to a comprehensive assessment to determine the level of minor problems that older adults experience in each system. Laughter therapy is an easiest and effective method in reducing physical problems and enhances health. Experimental group alone received laughter therapy and post test was done after 8 weeks. After post test Laughter therapy were administered to control group also to avoid ethical issues. Data analysis were done by using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Result: Result indicated that the mean post test scores were significantly reduced than the mean pre- test score (p<0.001) in experimental group. The findings of the present study indicated that the Laughter therapy was highly significant to reduce physical problems among institutionalized elderly.

Conclusion: Investigator concluded that laughter therapy reduce the physical problems and improve general health of elderly people.