Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal

Repeated and prolonged use of smart phones has negative impacts on the human body. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of Mobile usage on Postural Stability, Hamstring Flexibility and Trunk Extensor Muscle Fatigue in women. A total of 100 voluntary participants were selected randomly for this study. The female students who uses mobile for at least 3 hrs daily for last 1 year with age group of 18-25 years were included in this study. Static stability, Dynamic stability, Hamstring flexibility and Trunck extensor muscle fatigue were measured by one leg standing balance test, Functional reach test, sit and reach test and Trunk muscle fatigue induced used method using Borg Scale respectively. The mean age, height and weight of all the participants were 20.96 years (±1.96±), 156.17 cm (±15.96) and52.92 kg (±10.29) respectively. All the participants were examined for their fatigue by Sorensen test and the average fatigue time was 90.99 sec (±46.35). Then the perceived rate of exertion were assessed for all the participants and its mean score was 17.05 (±1.28). The sit and reach test of all participants were also examined whose mean score was 21.80 cm (±6.97). This study has revealed the prevalence of flexibility issues in population of female students who are frequent users of cell phone.

Keywords : Postural Stability; Hamstring Flexibility; Muscle fatigue; Mobile Usage.

Introduction: Menopause means the cessation of menstrual activity. The climacteric is the peri-menopausal period of functional ovarian involution characterized by the occurrence of somatic and psychological signs and symptoms associated with changes in the endocrine system. The population of post-menopausal women is increasing. The average life expectancy for women in developed countries is 80 years to 85 years, and in developing countries 65 years to 70 years. Menopause is accompanied by increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Withdrawal of protective effect of estrogen has been documented to produce changes in lipid and glucose metabolism, body weight and fat distribution, vascular resistance and host of other mechanisms. Aim: Examination of changes of Body Mass Index, weight, Blood Pressure and Waist Hip Ratio in pre- and post-menopausal women. Study Design: Comparative observational Study. Method: 100 Women are selected. 50 Pre-menopausal women. (Age: 35-45) and 50 Post-menopausal women. (Age:50-60). Outcome Measurement: Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio and Blood pressure. Procedure: 100 Women of instead having pre-menopausal and post menopausal will be randomly selected from An and district informed consent will obtained from them. We will use BMI, Blood Pressure, and Waist-Hip Ratio measure. Result: Post menopausal women had higher BMI, had a higher waist and hip circumference as compared with the pre-menopausal women. Blood pressure is elevated slight among post-menopausal women when compared with Pre-menopausal women. Shows that there is significance difference between premenopausal and post-menopausal women. Conclusion: The present study shows a higher Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip ratio and Blood Pressure in postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women implying they are at risk of cardiovascular disease and obesity.

Keywords: Pre-menopausal, post-menopausal, Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip ratio, Blood Pressure.

Introduction: Taekwondo is a dynamic form of unarmed self defense and generally focused on kicking techniques, which derived from other martial arts. A sudden kick and turn kicking (dollyeo chagi, bandae dollyeo chagietc.) are part of Taekwondo; Player can turn to speed and power to escape from the competitor kicking. Speed and accuracy are two main factors of movement of Taekwondo2. The term of Proprioception was first described by Sherrington (1906) as a result of his study and practical’s on sensory information achieved by the central neural system through mechanoreceptors located in the ligaments, joint capsule, tendons, muscles, and skin4. Aim of Study: To study the effect of proprioceptive training and resistance training in Taekwondo athletes in the level of their performances & to compare their affects on players trained under both the programs and getting a plan leading to efficacy. Methodology: A total of 30 taekwondo athletes volunteered to participate in this study after having all risk explained to them before the investigation. They were divided randomly into two groups. Proprioceptive training group (group A) and Resistance training group (group B). Result: This chapter deals with the result of data analysis of the pre and post training scores of three outcome measures that is Agility T- test, Quickness test and Acceleration test, within group A and group B and between group A and group B. The scores were analyzed and interpreted to determine effectiveness of Proprioception and Resistance training to improve performance level of taekwondo athletes. Paired t-test was used to analyze and compare pre & post training score within the group A & group B. The Significant level is kept at probability (p<0.05). Unpaired t-test was used to analyze and compare post training score between group A & group B. Conclusion: Our studyconcluded that both Proprioceptive and Resistance trainings are helpful to prevent and minimize injuries and increases the performance level in athletes.

Keywords: Taekwondo athletes; Agility T–Test; Quickness and Acceleration Tests; Proprioceptive and Resistance trainings.

Introduction: Around the world, almost half of all deaths in children under five occur in the newborn period. Ninety-nine percent of newborn deaths are in low- and middle-income countries and prematurity, intrapartumrelated neonatal deaths (‘birth asphyxia’), sepsis and meningitis account for 75% of these1. Developmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions that are due to mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, especially in “language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living”2. Aim of Study: To analyze the impact of family centered-approach on child’s development outcomes. To quantify and validate the advantages of family-centered- approach for parents and children. Method: A low-cost, family-centered intervention programme to promote child and family wellbeing is provided at an Early Intervention Centre in Latika Roy Foundation, Dehradun, India. It follows a familycentered approach of empowering families through respect, collaboration, information, training and support. The effectiveness of this methodology is evaluated in this study. Discussion: This study evaluates the effectiveness of this family-centred interventions programme, provided by early intervention Centre, for improving development outcomes of high-risk infants. This study explores, for the first time in a resource limited country, the relationship between the reduction of family stress achieved through a family empowerment programme and improvement in development outcomes of high-risk children. Families of High-risk infants enrolled at the Centre during January 2015 through July 2017, who were in NICU for 5 or >5 days are partners in the study. Conclusion: The importance of family-centred care cannot be over-emphasized. Early intervention services and support to families can significantly improve quality of life of high-risk children. Intervention studies for children with disability state that the best way of improving children’s outcomes is by empowering parents through a structured learning programme.Given the scope and potential of such programs, this study quantifies and validates the advantages of the family-centred approach.

Keywords: Family-centered; High-risk infants; Development outcomes; Early intervention and Stimulation.