Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal

 The nervous system mobilization has emerged as a significant addition to the treatment of different musculoskeletal injuries. There are different techniques directed at restoring normal neural physiology andbiomechanics. There are studies suggest one of the factor of recurrent hamstring strain is altered neural tissue mobility. Studies have also shown the effectiveness of neural mobilisation technique to increase hamstring flexibility.

Keywords: Neural Mobilisation; Hamstring Strain; Stretching; Flexibility

 Neuromuscular system of body acts to maintain postural stability and reduce the impact of various loads on the spine. Exercises for abdominal muscles are commonly used to enhance spinal stability which further reduces the incidence of low back pain. Different exercise methods have been used to enhance spinal stability. Pilates exercises are the other form of exercises which is widely used for core stability. It is believed that Pilates exercises are effective in maintaining core stability, increasing flexibility, core strength and muscle endurance. The aim of the review is to check the effects of Pilates exercises on core muscles and its role in improving core stability.

Keywords: Pilates Exercises; Core Muscles; Low Back Pain

 Cryotherapy and stimulation both having post injury positive effect in treatment to reduce pain inflammation edema as well as gaining the strength via activation of inhibited muscles. There may have some tolerance issue with patient while using stimulation ( NMES) which can be reduced by prior use of ice over the muscle, infact short duration of cryo application may increase the threshold to tolerate higher stimulation to produce powerful contraction. Cryotherapy and stimulation widely used after knee injury to activate quadriceps after reflex inhibition achieved due to pain, and inflammation. Studies proved that cryotherapy can used in acute condition whereas stimulation is used in chronic condition for gaining strength. Cryotherapy also used after every soft tissue injury specially in sports injuries but some studies support the use of cryotherapy for 15 min reduce dynamic postural stability after lower limb injury.

Keywords: Cryotherapy; Inflamation; Cryo Stimulation.

 Lumbar radiculopathy is associated with nerve root injury. It involves radiating pain below knee with neural deficit in neural distribution pattern. Neurodynamic technique has been advocated as an effective treatment for lumbar radiculopathy. The purpose of this review is to analyse the mechanism and the effectiveness of neurodynamic technique and to examine the effect of neurodynamic technique on motor nerve conduction velocity (mNCV) and surface electromyographic activity (sEMG).

Keywords: Neural Mobilisation; Lumbar Radiculopathy; NCV; sEMG.

 Purpose: Kinesio Taping is a therapeutic method used by physical therapist and athletic trainer in combination with other treatment techniques for various musculoskeletal and neuromuscular problems. The purpose of this study was to describe the application of posterior pelvic tilt taping with kinesio tape as a treatment for Sacroiliac joint dysfunction and to reduce sacral horizontal angle and the anterior pelvic tilt angle in post partum females. Subjects: 5 post­partum females were taken who agreed to participate in this experiment. Methods: The patient was lye in a supine position .The first tape was apply to the rectus abdominus muscle for the correction of posterior pelvic tilt and for the second taping the patient position will be change patient lye in a side lying position and apply the second taping on external oblique muscle for the correction of S.I joint in post partum females. Results: This result show a significant (p=0.05) difference between the pre and post taping in postpartum female. Conclusion: There seems to be considerable improvement in post partum females with S.I joint dysfunction. In outcome majors there was a decrease in punctuation, what means improvement in symptoms. The present study stated a beneficial effect of Kinesio taping on post partum females with S.I joint dysfunction and also improvement in the daily activities.

Keywords: Posterior Pelvic Tilt Taping; Post Partum Females; S.I Joint Dysfunction; Kinesiotaping.

 Background: Cervical Radiculopathy (CR) involves compression of the cervical nerve roots leading to numbness, paraesthesias, muscle weakness, etc. in the upper extremity making the patient functionally disabled. There have been studies about treating the condition using Intermittent cervical traction. However, there have been controversial reviews regarding its use. The objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness of traction in patients with cervical radiculopathy, along with neuromobilization and exercises. Methodology: 30 patients diagnosed with CR participated in a Randomized Controlled Trial and were assigned to either ­ Group 1(traction group) or Group 2(no traction group). Group 1 was given neuromobilization, exercise and traction. Group 2 was given neuromobilization and exercise. The patients were treated for 10 sessions thrice a week for 3.2 weeks. The NPRS (Numeric Pain Rating Scale), NDI (Neck Disability Index), & PSFS (Patient­specific Fucntional Scale) were used to collect data on 1st, 5thand 10th sessions of treatment. Results: There was a significant improvement within each group. The post­mean NPRS for group 2 was 3.81(±0.54) and for Group 1 was 3.85(±0.55). The post­mean NDI for group 2 was 13.67 (±4.93) and for Group 1 was 12.73 (±4.72). The post­mean PSFS for Group 2 was 7.37(±1.04) and for Group 1 was 7.79(±0.88). However, no significant difference was found when the outcome measures were compared between the two groups. Conclusion: Neuromobilization along with exercise is an effective technique which can be used to treat patients of CR. But, in our study intermittent cervical traction did not have any additional significant benefit in the experimental group.

Keywords: Cervical Radiculopathy; Intermittent Cervical Traction; Neuromobilization.

 Objective: The purpose of study was to compare the effect of Intermittent mechanical traction and intermittent manual traction to reduce pain and radiculopathy on cervical spondylosis. Methods: Forty patients both male and female of cervical spondylosis with radiculopathy were randomly divided into two groups group A (n=20) was given Intermittent Mechanical traction and group B (n=20) was given manual traction Both groups were also administered a common conventional exercise protocol. The outcome measures used were Neck disability index (NDI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The subjects were assessed pre­treatment test i.e. at the first day of treatment and after the 3 weeks of the treatment i.e. at the last day of the treatment. Result: The result showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) in all assessment parameters in pre to post treatment in all groups. After three weeks on comparing Group A and Group B the mean change, improvement in pain (1.8 ± .5232) vs. (2.2 ± .7678), NDI (5.05 ± 1.4681 vs. 7.25 ± 2.7697).

Keywords: Imtermittent Mechanical Traction; Manual Traction.

 Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to see the combined effect of compression stockings and abdominal binder on orthostatic hypotension in spinal cord injury. Methodology: A sample of 30 subjects were recruited for the study. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups. Group A (compression stockings and abdominal binder) Group B (compression stockings) and Group C (abdominal binder).All subjects were dealt individually. Prior to the intervention the subject was tilted to 300 ,600 ,900 with the help of tilt table and the blood pressure was recorded and mean arterial pressure was calculated for the subjects of all the three groups. After that, the intervention received by Group A was (compression stockings and abdominal binder) Group B (only compression stockings) and GroupC (only abdominal binder) and again with the help of tilt table the blood pressure was recorded in different angles i.e.300 , 600 , 900 and mean arterial pressure was calculated. Results: Post intervention there was significant increase in the blood pressure and mean arterial pressurein group A compared to group B and group C. Discussion: Combined use ofcompression stockings and abdominal binder helps to reduce the symptoms of orthostatic hypotension. Compression stocking when used with an abdominal binder provide great benefit by decreasing splanchnic pooling and interstitial pressure on legs. Conclusion: So, this study concluded that the combined use ofcompression stockings and abdominal binder (Group A) is more effective than use of compression stockings and abdominal binder alone (Group B and Group C) in spinal cord injury patients.

Keywords: Spinal Cord Injury; Orthostatic Hypotension; Tilt Table; Abdominal Binder; Compression Stockings.

 The objective of this pre test post test experimental study design was to find out the effect of strength training and strength­agility training on knee joint proprioception in normal collegiate males. Fourty five study participants participated in the study. They were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 15 participants each on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria.i.e. group1­ strength training, group2­ strength­agility training and group3­ control group. The training in the strength training group consisted of Leg press and Lunges exercises. In the strength­agility training group consisted of Leg press, Lunges and Change­of­direction sprints exercises. In the control group no exercise was given.The outcome measures were knee joint proprioception. The between­group comparisons at the end of the training showed that maximal proprioception gain was in group 2 (strength­agility training) specifically at an angle of 450 . Although the gain at 150 was also statistically significant but it was comparatively less as compared to the gain at 450 . The results of the study suggested that strength­agility training is more effective than strength training to improve proprioception in knee joint.

Keywords: Strength Training; Strength­Agility Training; Proprioception.