Ophthalmology and Allied Sciences

Ankyloblepharon is a rare congenital abnormality consisting of partial or complete adhesion of the upper and lower eyelids by single or multiple bands. Ankyloblepharon is potentially amblyogenic condition. It is generally isolated but can present with systemic diseases. Its presence should alert the need for a detailed systemic evaluation. We present a 1 month old baby who presented to our institute with bilateral adhesions of the upper and lower eyelids, and then patient is evaluated systemically and then surgery was planned. The adhesion was excised with the use of Radio-Frequency cauteryundershort sedation. The separation of the lidsbefore the development of visual milestones is potentially important to prevent the onset of stimulus deprivation amblyopia.

Purpose: To study the various ocular manifestations in ICU patients. Methodology: A prospective study conducted in a total of 100 patients who admitted between June & September (2023) to the ICU. Ocular findings were documented in a Diabetes mellitus, & Hypertension, Anaemia, Cerebral vascular accident, Alcohol withdrawal, Chronic kidney disease, poisoning & Respiratory diseases. Results: 100 ICU patients were examined, on ocular examination 20% Subconjunctival haemorrhage, 10% exposure keratopathy, 80% dry eye, 5% corneal ulcer. Is mainly noted in long staying ICU patients. Conclusion: Eye care is mandatory for the ICU patients & should have a better co-ordination between physician & ophthalmologist patient in ICU have impaired ocular protective mechanisms resulting in high risk of developing eye complications.

Purpose: To evaluate the morphology of filtering blebs following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) at 1 month after surgery and at 6 months follow up for bleb function. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was designed to include 30 eyes (25 patients) who underwent trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C (MMC) in Mcgann District Teaching Hospital, Shimoga over a period of 1 year. Post-operatively morphology of bleb was examined at 1 month and 6 months using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography. Bleb wall was assessed for thickness of the bleb wall along with its morphology, hyper- or hypo-reflectivity and whether micro-cysts were present or not. Bleb function was considered to be successful when target pressure for each of the patient was attained post-operatively (for mild glaucoma, target pressure is kept as 15-17 mm Hg, for moderate glaucoma 12-15 mmHg and in severe glaucoma 10-12 mmHg) without any medications. Results: Bleb function was successful in 21 (70%) eyes with mean IOP of 10-15 mmHg. Morphology of bleb on AS-OCT at one month showed uniform bleb wall reflectivity in 8 eyes (26.66%) and multiform wall reflectivity in 22 eyes (73.33%). In eyes showing multiform wall reflectivity, bleb morphology pattern of microcysts with multiple layers was seen in 10 eyes (45.45%), microcysts with subconjunctival separation in 8 eyes (36.36%) and only microcyst pattern in 4 eyes (18.18%). When the bleb features at one month were compared with the bleb function at six months, according to the statistical analysis, blebs with the morphology of multiform wall reflectivity with many microcysts were associated with higher chances of success.Conclusions: AS-OCT can be a predictor to assess long term functioning of filtering blebs. The filtering bleb morphology with multiform reflectivity and multiple cavities with microcysts was associated with a good functioning bleb at late postoperative period.

Methodology: A total of 100 patients presenting with conjunctivitis were thoroughly examined and patients with viral conjunctivitis were included in the study. Study data included visual acuity, slit lamp examination and follow up after 5 days. Patients were given conservative treatment like cold compression, lubricating eye drops, anti-histamines, Moxifloxacin Low potency steroid combination eye drops, Moxifloxacin eye drops, Tobramycin eye drops and Chloramphenicol eye ointment according to the severity of the conjunctivitis and corneal involvement, for 3-7 days according to the underlying etiology and severity of the disease. Results: In cases with, mild conjunctivitis cold compression, topical lubricants and topical anti histamines and topical antibiotics eye drops were advised, which showed symptomatic relief. In patients with severe inflammation, Moxifloxacin and low potency steroid combination eye drops showed better results. Topical Steroids were avoided in 3% of the study population who developed superficial punctate keratitis. Conclusion: It’s a self-limiting disease. There is need to educate people about personal hygiene and adverse effects of sharing of eye drops and self-medication.