Journal of Social Welfare and Management

Historiography is the most modern discipline. It defines the various scientific methods to write the history. European historians have the credit to introduce in India. Ancient Indian History is the most complex period of history because the literary sources have their limits. Therefore, Archaeology plays an important role in writing of the history of said period. This article is an attempt to discuss the contribution of Archaeology in writing of history.

The invention of fire and wheel were the two greatest inventions by earlier men. Later on it led to inventions like telegram, telephone, Computer etc. The advent of computer brought revolution in information technology sector, and now the world is in your hand within a click with help of Internet, the internet grown at a staggering rate. It’s become part and parcel of our social life. Due to the development of computer and internet system, people can access the information throughout the world. Today, no part of the world can remain unaccessed of human being. Computer civilization has made great significant changes in information sector. Due to development of private sector in communication systems one person who resides in interior area can access an institution, knowledge and job prospective within a second. The purpose of information technology law is free flow of information with reasonable restrictions.1 Due to development information and technology, crimes have also increased. To check the cyber crime, IT laws have become essential.1 Why we need this is matter because Globalization brings opportunities with challenges and it’s our collective responsibility to tackle it, because changes to society and technology have increased the dangers associated with inadequate controls on processing activities. The use of computer technology and the ability to transfer and publish our life became easier but on another side it’s also create problems. Present paper focuses on cyber crime and globalization.

The title of this research paper encompasses the consumer behaviour toward the buying of Hatchbcak cars especially Maruti Suzuki. As Automobile industry today is the most lucrative industry. Due to the increase in disposable income in both rural and urban sector and easy finance being provided by all the financial institutes, the passenger car sales have increased at the rate 58% per annum in June 2014–15 over the corresponding period in the previous year. Further competition is heating up in the sector with a host of new players coming in and other like Porsche, Bentley, Audi and BMW all set to venture in the Indian markets. Two important characteristics about cars helps us to make better understanding of automobile industry in our county. First 4 Wheels are durable products, we generally buy a car with expectation of keeping it for an extensive period of time; even, and we can also purchase a utilized or a new car, since it is an industry with a well – developed secondary market. In this research the researcher uses Radom Sampling technique. The total population in this study is 250 units and the sample size is 152 unit, confidence level 95% and margin of error is 5%. As this Research design is a descriptive type, the Sample unit is specified under Geographical sample unit that is in Kolhapur city and Sampling unit- 18 years and above men and women who own Hatchback cars in the rage of 7 to 9 lakhs. Since Indian Automobile market is continuously in the prowl of surging as a major car manufacturer, people are purchasing car as there is increase of income of common people as well as change in tastes and preferences of consumers. It is important for the car manufacturers and car dealers to be able to understand the different factors affecting the extent in car purchasing behaviour. People are more conscious about the on spot information provided about various cars who serves according to the needs and wants of the customer. The type of technology used and the wider reach of the service stations also affect the most on car purchasing decision. While government obligations and various policies like import duties, custom exemptions is seen as second most affecting driver of purchase of cars.

Port is a catalyst for growth and facilitates increase in foreign exchange earnings. The present study attempts to discuss the trend and growth of world maritime nations, volume of cargo and container traffic handled by the major ports of the world and traffic and freight earning of central inland water transport corporation (CIWTC) of India from the period 2001–02 to 2013–14. The objectives of the present study are: 1. To study the world maritimenations. 2. To find out the volume of cargo and container traffic handled by the major ports of the world and 3. To examine the trend and growth of world maritimenations, volume of cargo and container traffic handled by the major ports of the world and traffic and freight earning of central inland water transport corporation (CIWTC) of India from the period 2001–02 to 2013–14. The study based on secondary data from 2001–02 to 2013–14. The secondary data collected from Administrative reports, various publications of Port Trust, the reports of the Department of Economics and Statistics and Ministry of Shipping, Government of India, journals, books, edited books, reports, documents, theses and websites. The tools used for the study were percentage analysis, mean, standard deviation, compound growth rate and coefficient of variation. It is found that the trend coefficient was found to be statistically significant for world maritimenations, volume of cargo and containertraffic handled by the major ports of the world and traffic and freight earning in India. It indicates, on average, it had increased by 7.3 percent for world maritimenations, 8.1 percent for cargo and containertraffic handled by the major ports, and 4.1 percent for traffic and freight earning per annum. The growth rates are found to be 13.68 percent, 5.82 percent, and 6.91 percent for world maritimenations, cargo and container traffic handled by the major ports of the world and traffic and freight earning in India.