Journal of Global Public Health

COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impacts on higher education. There is a need to develop interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of college students. Government, professional organizations, civil society bodies, and other relevant stakeholders have come up with various measures in the context of mental health in a short period. Acute stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms are prevalent during the Covid-19 pandemic and may continue for a prolonged period. Multiple epidemic and psychosocial factors, such as family members being infected, massive media exposure, low social support, senior year, and prior mental health problems were associated with increased risk of mental health problems among the students. However, there remains much to be learned about the psychological impacts facing students and what can be done to reduce their negative effects.

Objectives: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer across the globe. The treatment of OSCC by surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or any combination of these has an adverse effect on the Quality of Life (QOL) of the patients. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the Oral health related Quality of Life (OHRQOL) in OSCC patients after their treatment. Study Design: A cross sectional questionnaire study. Results: Data related to their Sociodemographic factors like age, gender, type of habit abuse, TNM stage of the cancer, and socioeconomic status were collected. After statistical analysis, it was found that patients who had the poorest quality of life were married males in age group of 41-50 years with a habit of tobacco+alcohol abuse. Also they belonged to Stage 4b and were undergoing treatment in form of chemotherapy+radiotherapy and they belonged to upper middle SES class of modified Kuppuswamy scale 2018. Conclusion: This study considers the significance of interplay of a constellation of factors that have an impact on quality of life in patients undergoing OSCC treatment. Physicians must consider the interplay of all these factors for making decision in treatment plan for the patient

Electrical burns constitute 3–5% of all burn cases. In developing countries, this ratio increases up to 21–27% and the mortality rate is reported to be between 3.75% and 58.8%. Most of the acute burns are life threatening initially which require resuscitation and require various types of surgical interventions such as eschar excision or split-thickness skin grafting, depending on the size, location and depth of the lesion. In this case we will assess the role of INTEGRA in the scalp electrical burns. INTEGRA is a manufactured acellular dermal regeneration template composed of a bilaminate sheet of cross-linked bovine tendon collagen and shark glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin-6-sulfate) with a silicone sheet cover.

Estimates show that nearly 17 million Americans have asthma, and more than 5,000 die from this disease annually. In 1998, asthma accounted for over 13.9 million outpatient visits to physician off ices or hospital clinics and over 2.0 million emergency room visits

Breast engorgement is a painful and unpleasant condition affecting large numbers of women in the early postpartum period. During a time when mothers are coping with the demands of a new baby it may be particularly distressing. Breast engorgement may inhibit the development of successful breastfeeding, lead to early breastfeeding cessation, and is associated with more serious illness, including breast infection. The birth of a baby is an important event in any family. It is therefore important that for a mother to have a healthy baby, she gives her baby the best nutrition. Breast fed babies are healthier than formula fed babies, so breast milk is the best food for babies. Breast congestion is associated with hard, painful, throbbing, sore, soft breasts, which women need labour, develop mastitis, or stop breastfeeding temporarily or permanently. The stress associated with breast congestion can mean that women who start breastfeeding may not continue to breastfeed until the first few days after delivery. Proper breastfeeding skills are important for successful breastfeeding. Improper technique can cause breast congestion, and it is especially important to properly secure the chuck during feeding to ensure that your baby can suckle effectively.

Combat operations expose military service members and civilians to the devastating effects of high-energy munitions that often lead to a complex pattern of injury. This complex injury pattern has initiated efforts to create new and innovative techniques in tissue regeneration. Multidisciplinary team has effectively adapted advanced reconstructive techniques merged with regenerative medicine modalities to improve outcomes in combat casualties. These treatments combine traditional reconstruction measures with regenerative medicine applications and has been termed ‘hybrid reconstructions’. This review article gives an overview about hybrid reconstruction ladder

Labour pain is one of the most intense hurts a woman can experience in her life, leading to an increase in anxiety and tension. Massage therapy has been shown to be effective for relaxing. A good understanding of the labour and delivery process can give you a sense of emotional well being and confidence, which will help you have a successful labour. Increased anxiety during labour increases pain perception, lengthens labour, and increases catecholamine secretion, which lowers uterine blood flow. This reduces uterine contractions and extends labour time

Climate change: The trophosphere layer is (approximately 15 km) very shortest length between the surface of Earth and to the next layer of stratosphere (50 km) is very important for life of livings. The World populations reached approximately 8 billions and 9 millions without including animal’s statistics. All of them required quality air for breath, portable water and fertile soil for cultivation of food sources. The trophosphere layer is highly polluted with increased anthropogenic activities for 100 of years, the next layer of stratosphere where the ozone layer formed to protect us from ultra violet rays, which the layer is penetrated by high toxic chemical pollutants is the reason to enter the ultra violet rays to trophosphere atmosphere of Earth. The clouds cause rains where the toxic harmful chemicals and gases are concentrated it falls as rain drops and it reaches soil and surface water sources, then it reaches ground water as well. Due to the climate change the temperature is globally changing either it is too hot or extreme cold and always fluctuating weather unable to predict the seasons of winter, spring, summer and monsoon. The temperature raises or it reaches extreme cold for oceans, Antartic glaciers is melting and raising sea level and invading land spaces. The climate policy initiatives aimed at maintaining global average temperatures 1.5OC and reaching zero emissions by 2050. Global warming: The Earth has a natural Green House Effect (GHE) due to trace amounts of water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere.In the absence of the natural greenhouse effect the surface of the Earth would be approximately 33°C cooler. The enhanced greenhouse effect refers to the additional radiative forcing resulting from increased concentrations of greenhouse gases induced by human activities. The main greenhouse gases whose concentrations are raising carbon dioxide, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone in the lower atmosphere. The major green house gases stay in the atmosphere for tens to hundreds of years after being released, their warming effects on the climate persists over a long time and it affects present and future generations. A green house gas emissions from human activities increase, they build up in the atmosphere, on land and in the oceans. E1 Nino is the warming of sea waters in the central-east Equatorial Pacific that occurs every few years. La Nina is the more cooler of sea waters than average temperature in the east Equatorial Pacific region. The neutral state between E1 Nina and La Nino this antithetical effects is called the E1 Nino Southern Oscillation. The Air Quality Index. Purity of air is assessed in atmosphere by AQI – it ranges from 0- 301+. The good index level is 0-50 (Green). Moderate level is 51-100 and unhealthy is 151-200. Very unhealthy is 201-300 and above 300 + is hazardous category. New Delhi already reached above 300 and few states are unhealthy to hazardous category in India. Life Style Changes & Innovative Choices: Recognizes that small individual actions can change the planet’s favor than framing the climate change in broader aspect, it is directed a life style changes or right choices and selected Journal of Global Public Health Volume 2 Number 1, January–June 2025Journal of Global Public Health, Volume 2 Number 1, January–June 2025 52 by the innovative choices to reduce the further worsening of health of people. The Government recommended activities are, each can consume vegetarian food (the less wastage), Alternate of using individual car and bike and to focus public transports of buses and trains, e-vehicles for the reduction of emissions. Cultivating paddy other than different choices of yield for economically equal to farmers of the states of Punjab, Haryana to prevent stubble burning land for thousands of acres at the same time line. It needs good collaboration with farmers and Government to work together to plan yield cultivation in different demographic lands at a time. Government Regulatories & Policy Making: It is ineffective and failure of laws and regulations to monitor and control measures. It is emergency need to revise the rules and mandatory to create new Indian penal code section of penalty and imprisonment of violating the act. The policy alone not going to change the people attitudes and made them to understand the real facts is important. Change is not easy, it takes time, but really we don’t have time for gradual progress to implement step by step procedure of initiation of pollution control by Government. Conclusion: It need revolutionary changes to contribute each one from society, follow the right behaviors and immediate behavior of life style changes. Government of India made goals and objectives of quality air atmosphere but it is not reach every citizen of India. Each member of universe can realize the seriousness of the issue and follow the right behaviors and actions to control further worsening of polluted atmosphere on Earth and humans need to follow the right choices for healthier life. Recommendations: on Behavior of Life style changes & Innovative choices, 1. Emission free environment, 2. Quality air atmosphere for healthy life, 3. Value based traditional practices, 4. Deforestation, 5. Policy making plan & Implementation process

Enablement is a professional intervention that aims to recognize, promote and enhance people's capacity to have control on their health and life. It results in individual empowerment and building one's own strength. The aim of enablement is to provide healthcare from health care providers to the patients that helped them to strengthen their abilities and improve their own health conditions. There can be betterment in one's health and quality of life through self efficacy benefits and developing self care skills.

Burn injuries can present in multiple ways and in a diverse patient population. Its severity is not only determined by the nature of burn injury or the extent of the injury but also by several patient factors. Mortality in burn injury used to be very unpredictable but now there are various means of predicting morbidity and mortality in a burns patient. The abbreviated burns severity index (ABSI) score is one of such recent tools formulated to aid in predicting outcome in burns patient. In this case study we evaluate the role of Abbreviated Burns Severity Index (ABSI) score in predicting mortality outcome in a patient with thermal burns