Journal of ENT and Allied Sciences

Background: Histoplasma Capsulatum (HC) is a fungus known to infect the immunocompromised. It is present in bird droppings and soil. The fungus causes lung, eye and laryngeal infections in patients with poor immunity. Primary laryngeal histoplasmosis is a rare disease. Less than 100 cases have been recorded worldwide so far. Methods: A 68-year-old male with an undiagnosed laryngeal mass came with stridor. He was managed with emergency tracheostomy and repeat histopathological evaluation. This was confirmed as a case of primary laryngeal histoplasmosis. He improved withina few weeks with antifungal therapy. Discussion: The histopathological proof is necessary for its diagnosis. Once diagnosed, a few doses of the specific antifungal medicine do wonders. And that’s where we want your attention. Conclusion: A high degree of suspicion is required for its diagnosis. Treatment is quite simple. However, misdiagnosis and unnecessary interventions complicate its management.

Background: Reconstruction of lip defects following oncologic resection is a demanding task, as both functional and aesthetic outcomes must be preserved. When the oral commissure is involved, regional flaps such as the Abbe–Estlander remain important tools in achieving reliable reconstruction. Case Presentation: A 35-year-old male laborer with a history of smoking presented with a progressively enlarging lower lip lesion of seven months’ duration. Biopsy confirmed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma extending to the oral . The patient underwent wide local excision with a 1-cm margin and supra-omohyoid neck dissection, followed by commissural reconstruction using an Abbe–Estlander flap. The immediate post-operative course was uneventful. At two weeks, mild microstomia was noted, though oral continence and speech were preserved. Final histopathology confirmed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with tumor-free margins. On follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months, the patient maintained satisfactory function and cosmesis. Conclusion: The Abbe–Estlander flap remains a dependable reconstructive method for lip carcinoma involving the commissure. It offers oncological safety while restoring oral competence, articulation, and symmetry with minimal morbidity. Despite advances in microsurgical techniques, this flap continues to be an effective andpractical option, particularly for medium-sized commissural defects.

Introduction: Oropharyngeal impalement injuries in children are common due to behavioral tendencies such as walking or playing with objects in the mouth. Although most injuries are benign, a subset can lead to serious complications. Case Report: We report a case of a 3-year, 4-month-old male who sustained a penetrating injury to the oropharynx after a fall while brushing his teeth. The toothbrush became lodged into the left tonsillar fossa, causing significant discomfort and distress. Emergency transoral endoscopic removal was performed under sedation with standby tracheostomy. No vascular or airway injury was noted, and the patient recovered uneventfully. Conclusion: Though seemingly trivial, oropharyngeal penetrating trauma with common household objects like toothbrushes can pose life-threatening risks. Prompt evaluation and careful extraction are critical to avoid complications.

The tonsils, lymphoid tissue located in the throat, serve as the first line of immunedefense against pathogens entering the oral cavity. Tonsillitis is a common presentation in ENT clinics, affecting both children and adults. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus are the most frequently isolated bacteria from throat swab cultures in these cases. While Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not a rare pathogen in acute or chronic tonsillitis, its isolation from an immunocompetent individual with this condition is uncommon. This case report presents an unusual instance of Pseudomonas bacteremia in a 20-year-old healthy male with acute tonsillitis.