International Journal of Practical Nursing

COVID- 19 is a severe acute respiratory disease that affected the whole world wide in the form of pandemic. The first outbreak of COVID pandemic was reported in December 2019. While the whole world was struggling to cope up with this situation. Children were the silent sufferers in the whole pandemic. All over the world lockdowns were declared, schools were closed, they all hampered the studies as well as the mental health and social skills of children. Most commonly reported neurological symptoms were headache, altered mental status and weakness and severe symptoms were stroke and encephalopathy. Plasma transfusion and IVIG has been considered has been reported as useful for many neurological symptoms. Children who are immunocompromised are at risk as their immune system takes time to activate during this time the infection might spread rapidly. All this badly affected the education of children all over the world. Other than studies children faced detachment issues also. Many people lost their family during this pandemic many children became orphan during this pandemic Keywords: Pandemic, Covid, Respiratory, Immunization, Pneumonia, Appetite, Insomnia, Post-traumatic Stress, Ivig, Encephalopathy.

Missed nursing care is a subset of the category known as error of omission. It means that the needed nursing care that is delayed, partially done, or not finished at all. Missed nursing care is a matter of concern because nurses coordinate, provide, and evaluate many interventions as a part of health team towards treatment ofpatient illness. Moreover, a nurse also plans, implement, and evaluate nurse-directed care to manage patient’sclinical manifestations and responses to care, and to promote health and healing. Thus missed nursing care is not only a type of Medical error that may affect safety and prognosis, but has contributed to be a unique type of Medical underuse. Keywords: Missed nursing care, Patient prognosis, Donabedian’s structure process outcome.

Heparin administered subcutaneously, may cause adverse effects like pain, local irritation, erythema, hematoma and bruising at the site of injection. The researcher aimed to assess the effectiveness of the icepack application before and after administration of subcutaneous heparin injection on pain and bruise. Quantitative True experimental posttest only control group design was adopted and Systematic Random Sampling Technique With Kth sample was employed and 59 subjects were seggregated in to experimental and control groups by Flip a Coin method. The report of this study was found that there was a significant reduction of pain and bruise complications associated with subcutaneous heparin in critical care patients in Experimental and Control group with icepack application. Icepack application (cryotherapy) is a safe, non-invasive, pain-free, easy to self-administer therapy it can enhance patients sense of Control over there management side effects, it is cost effective and improves quality of life Keywords: Icepack, Pain and Bruising, Subcutaneous, Heparin, Critical Care Patients.