International Journal of Practical Nursing

The concept of stress plays an important role in an occupational area, especially health care setting. Health care professionals are repeatedly exposed to this stress, especially nursing personnel. The response to this chronic stress is termed burnout. In other words, burnout means giving more time, energy, and effort to work for a long period of time leading to exhaustion both mentally and physically. In order to reduce these burnout symptoms, an individual tries to adopt certain strategies to minimize his/her negative feelings. This is known as a coping strategy. Due to the increase in workload, advancement in science and technology, quality patient care, these symptoms have escalated which have drawn attention to health care organizations. Many strategies have been developed to reduced these symptoms and develop a positive environment for nurses to work within it. Keywords: Burnout, coping strategies, nurses

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders highly affecting mobility include strains, sprains, fractures, joint dislocations, amputations, and joint replacement so orthopedic patients are more prone for immobility and its complications. They need to understand what are the complications which can be, cause by immobility and how it can be prevented. Nurses have the responsibility to educate and aware the patient about their illness, complications of illness and how the complications can be prevented.2 Objectives: To assess the pre test knowledge regarding Prevention of Selected Complications of Immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients, To assess the post test knowledge regarding Prevention of Selected Complications of Immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients, To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding Prevention of Selected Complications of Immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients, To associate the knowledge score with selected demographic variables. Methodology: A pre experimental one group pre test post test design was adopted for the study. It was conducted over 60 immobilized orthopedic patients and was selected by usingNon probability purposive sampling technique. Pre test was done using self structured questionnaire for knowledge. After pre test the researcher administered planned teaching programme on knowledgeregarding prevention of selected complications of immobility among immobilized orthopaedic patients. Post test was conducted after seven days. Result: Post test was done after seven days. Post test mean knowledge score was higher 20.65 with SD of 1.82 when compared with the pre test mean knowledge score value which was 9.03 with SD of 1.79. The calculated‘t’value 28.77 is greater than table value 2.00 at 0.05 level of significance. Thus the H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. Conclusion: Planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding preventions of selected complications of immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients was effective. Significant association was found between knowledge score and age, gender, education. Keywords: Selected complications; Immobility; Orthopaedic patients; Planned teaching programme; Knowledge.

Background: For health care workers, the main strategy for reducing physical exposure to highly infectious diseases is through personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE will only be effective if the equipment can form a barrier between the Health Care Worker(HCW) and the exposure to contaminated body fluids. Therefore, standards have been developed that, once complied with, guarantee that PPE is of sufficient quality to protect against biohazards. Probably the biggest risk of infection, in spite of using proper PPE, is associated with taking the PPE off, also called doffing in an improper way wherein the HCWs can contaminate themselves (Fischer 2014). Some types of PPE make donning and doffing more difficult and increase the risk of contamination (Zamora 2006). Therefore, specific guidance has been developed for donning and doffing PPE (WHO 2014).1 Objectives: 1. To assess the pre test knowledge and practice regarding donning and removing of selected Personal Protective Equipment among First year nursing students in Experimental and control group. 2. To assess the post test knowledge and practice regarding donning and removing of selected Personal Protective Equipment among First year nursing students in Experimental and control group. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of demonstration on knowledge and practice regarding donning and removing of selected Personal Protective Equipment among nursing students in Experimental and control group. 4. To find out association of knowledge and practice score with selected demographic variables in experimental and control group. Methodology: A True experimental Pre test post test design was adopted for the study. It was conducted over 60 First year nursing students (30 in experimental groupand30incontrolgroup) by using random sampling technique (Lottery method). For experimental and control group two different Nursing Institutes were randomly selected. Pretest on knowledge was done by using structured questionnaire and practice was assessed by checklist in both experimental and control group. Same day demonstration on donning and removing of selected personal protective equipment was given to experimental group. Post test was done after seven days and analysis showed that there was significant increase in knowledge and practice score after Demonstration. Result: The analysis reveals that, in experimental group mean difference of knowledge score was 9.06 & SD 3.93 and in control group mean difference of knowledge score was 0.16 & SD 1.17 and calculated t value was 12.30 which was much higher than table value. In experimental group mean difference of practice score was 13.60 & SD 3.02 and in control group mean difference of practice score was 0.40 & SD 2.06 and the calculated t value was 19.75 which was much higher than table value. Thus the H 1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. In experimental group there is significant association of knowledge score with course of instruction and age in years, whereas there is significant association of practice score with course of instruction. In control group there is a significant association of knowledge score with age in year, course of instruction and residential area, whereas there is significant association of practice score with family member working as health care provider. Conclusion: Finding of the study shows that demonstration on donning and removing of selected personal protective equipment among first year nursing students in the experimental group was effective and there is significant increase in knowledge and practice in experimental group than in control group. Keywords: Demonstration; Knowledge; Practice; Donning and removing of selected personal protective equipment(PPE); First year nursing students.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders highly affecting mobility include strains, sprains, fractures, joint dislocations, amputations, and joint replacement so orthopedic patients are more prone for immobility and its complications. They need to understand what are the complications which can be, cause by immobility and how it can be prevented. Nurses have the responsibility to educate and aware the patient about their illness, complications of illness and how the complications can be prevented.2 Objectives: To assess the pre test knowledge regarding Prevention of Selected Complications of Immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients, To assess the post test knowledge regarding Prevention of Selected Complications of Immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients, To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding Prevention of Selected Complications of Immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients, To associate the knowledge score with selected demographic variables. Methodology: A pre experimental one group pre test post test design was adopted for the study. It was conducted over 60 immobilized orthopedic patients and was selected by usingNon probability purposive sampling technique. Pre test was done using self structured questionnaire for knowledge. After pre test the researcher administered planned teaching programme on knowledgeregarding prevention of selected complications of immobility among immobilized orthopaedic patients. Post test was conducted after seven days. Result: Post test was done after seven days. Post test mean knowledge score was higher 20.65 with SD of 1.82 when compared with the pre test mean knowledge score value which was 9.03 with SD of 1.79. The calculated‘t’value 28.77 is greater than table value 2.00 at 0.05 level of significance. Thus the H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. Conclusion: Planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding preventions of selected complications of immobility among immobilized orthopedic patients was effective. Significant association was found between knowledge score and age, gender, education. Keywords: Selected complications; Immobility; Orthopaedic patients; Planned teaching programme; Knowledge.

Background: For health care workers, the main strategy for reducing physical exposure to highly infectious diseases is through personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE will only be effective if the equipment can form a barrier between the Health Care Worker(HCW) and the exposure to contaminated body fluids. Therefore, standards have been developed that, once complied with, guarantee that PPE is of sufficient quality to protect against biohazards. Probably the biggest risk of infection, in spite of using proper PPE, is associated with taking the PPE off, also called doffing in an improper way wherein the HCWs can contaminate themselves (Fischer 2014). Some types of PPE make donning and doffing more difficult and increase the risk of contamination (Zamora 2006). Therefore, specific guidance has been developed for donning and doffing PPE (WHO 2014).1 Objectives: 1. To assess the pre test knowledge and practice regarding donning and removing of selected Personal Protective Equipment among First year nursing students in Experimental and control group. 2. To assess the post test knowledge and practice regarding donning and removing of selected Personal Protective Equipment among First year nursing students in Experimental and control group. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of demonstration on knowledge and practice regarding donning and removing of selected Personal Protective Equipment among nursing students in Experimental and control group. 4. To find out association of knowledge and practice score with selected demographic variables in experimental and control group. Methodology: A True experimental Pre test post test design was adopted for the study. It was conducted over 60 First year nursing students (30 in experimental groupand30incontrolgroup) by using random sampling technique (Lottery method). For experimental and control group two different Nursing Institutes were randomly selected. Pretest on knowledge was done by using structured questionnaire and practice was assessed by checklist in both experimental and control group. Same day demonstration on donning and removing of selected personal protective equipment was given to experimental group. Post test was done after seven days and analysis showed that there was significant increase in knowledge and practice score after Demonstration. Result: The analysis reveals that, in experimental group mean difference of knowledge score  was 9.06 & SD 3.93 and in control group mean difference of knowledge score was 0.16 & SD 1.17 and calculated t value was 12.30 which was much higher than table value. In experimental group mean difference of practice score was 13.60 & SD 3.02 and in control group mean difference of practice score was 0.40 & SD 2.06 and the calculated t value was 19.75 which was much higher than table value. Thus the H 1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. In experimental group there is significant association of knowledge score with course of instruction and age in years, whereas there is significant association of practice score with course of instruction. In control group there is a significant association of knowledge score with age in year, course of instruction and residential area, whereas there is significant association of practice score with family member working as health care provider. Conclusion: Finding of the study shows that demonstration on donning and removing of selected personal protective equipment among first year nursing students in the experimental group was effective and there is significant increase in knowledge and practice in experimental group than in control group. Keywords: Demonstration; Knowledge; Practice; Donning and removing of selected personal protective equipment(PPE); First year nursing students.