International Journal of Practical Nursing

  Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is collected from left out cord from placenta and contains Hematopoietic (blood) stem cells. It a source of precious primitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and progenitor cells that can reconstitute the hematopoietic system in patients with malignant and non-malignant disorders treated with myeloablative therapy. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) contains stem cells which have already successfully treated a variety of diseases, including leukaemia, lymphomas, hemoglobinopathies, immunodeficiency, and disorders of metabolism. Much ongoing research continues to find out potential treatment of additional diseases. UCB cells possess an enhanced capacity for progenitor cell proliferation and self- enewal in vitro. UCB is usually discarded, and it exists in almost limitless supply. The blood remaining in the delivered placenta is safely and easily collected and stored. Cord blood can be stored in private banks or public banks. Private cord blood banks save cord blood for use by the family only, at a cost. Public cord blood banks accept donations and the cord blood are then used for the general public and/or research. A review of the literature finds that public banking is the preferred recommendation over private unless there is a known family member with a disease that can currently be treated with cord blood. After more than on decade of clinical experience, it is currently accepted that UCB transplants, related and unrelated, are equivalent to or might compare favourably with bone marrow (BM) transplants, especially in children. Initial studies of long-term survival in children with both malignant and non- alignant hematologic disorders, who were transplanted with UCB from a sibling donor, demonstrated comparable or superior survival to children who received BM transplantation. This article discusses cord blood banking options for patients as well as the information for both healthcare providers and patients when dealing with umbilical cord blood banking and some important ethical issue related to cord blood banking.

Keywords: Umbilical Cord Blood; Cord Blood Banking; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Informed
Consent.

  Many academic disciplines are closely linked to real world situations and professions and, increasingly, work-based placements can be a valuable aspect of learning. Nurses are often required to reflect upon their practices, link their reflections to theories and communicate in writing an understanding of the connection between the reflection and theory. When you have identified the goals of your development, you will have a focus for reflection and subsequent actions. Working on personal and professional development need not be a chore if you have access to varied and informative techniques.

Keywords: Reflective Journalism; Reflective Journal; Reflective Practice; Reflective Writing; Reflection and Nursing Reflection.

  Cotard’s syndrome is a rare syndrome, characterized by the presence of nihilistic delusions. The syndrome is typically related to depression and is mostly found in middle-aged or older people. A few cases have been reported in young people with 90% of these being females.

Keywords: Cotard Syndrome; Nihilistic Delusions; Existence Denial; Negation Delirium.

  Objective: To review various studies to identify Symptoms and suffering perceived by children at the end of life with cancer and the need of palliative care. Purpose of Review: Symptoms and suffering perceived by children at the end of life with cancer and identifying Paediatric palliative care, is an important aspect of care of children with life-threatening illnesses like cancer. We review recent publications with implications for care of these children. Data sources: he following database were searched i.e published research papers from different sources such as original journals, E journals and electronic database for example Pubmed, Medline, etc. The search of literature was archived by searching the references using several key words related to title and subject of the review. Literature was also archived from online Journal of American academy of pediatrics and general search portal such as Google search. Only articles written in English were included. The following keywords were used in combinations: symptoms of cancer, palliative care, end of life in children with cancer etc. Study Selection: studies were eligible if 1) studies conducted on perspective of parents on suffering of their children due to cancer only were included in this study ( there were many studies that evaluated the psychological and physical symptoms experienced by children with cancer at end of life were included), 2. The need of palliative therapy for children with end of life care was evaluated. 3. The studies were published in refereed journal were evaluated. However few studies were found that dealt with palliative care for children with cancer at end of their life’s, and all studies that evaluate palliative care were included. There were 10 studies met our criteria and were selected. Data Synthesis: Results of the studies were measured in terms physical and psychological symptoms and sufferings of children with at end of life, and palliative care provided as well as palliative care needed for children with cancer at end of life. All studies reviewed have shown that children with cancer is suffering with more physical and psychological symptoms apart from physical pain at end of their life that was not addressed properly by health care professional and need more palliative care. Conclusion: The result of research review support that the children with cancer suffer from fatigue, poor appetite, dyspnea, status epileptics and commonly suffering from pain, and psychological sufferings. these sufferings are not addressed adequately by health care professionals and need more palliative care and need additional systematic study, improved education and support for staff members, and continued development of more effective and compassionate delivery of pediatric palliative care. 

Keywords: Palliative Care; Cancer Children; Meta Analysis; End of Life Care.

  A pre-experimental study was conducted on 30 mothers of under five children to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on their knowledge regarding home based preventive measures of acute respiratory infection with the objectives of assessing the knowledge of mothers regarding ARI and to find out the association The conceptual model adopted for the study was Roy’s Adaptation Model (1989). One group pretest posttest design, with an evaluative approach was used for the study. The knowledge assessment questionnaire which consists of 30 questions regarding ARI and its home based prevention. The minimum score of the knowledge assessment questionnaire was 0 and maximum score was 30. The study findings revealed that the in pre-test, 6.67% of mother were having poor knowledge while 93.33% mothers were having adequate knowledge. Where as in posttest test 46.67% of mothers were having adequate knowledge and 53.33 were having good knowledge. Paired ‘t’ test results showed statistically significant gain in knowledge with the t calculated (23.09*) at (p<0.001) after the administration of structured teaching programme. The study concluded that there was a need of educational programs for the mother to enhance their knowledge regarding the prevention of ARI among under five children. 

Keywords: Structured Teaching Programme; Acute Respiratory Infections;  Mortality.

 A descriptive study was conducted on 60 adolescent girls 0f selected school of Palampur regarding Kishori Shakti Yojna with the view to develop information booklet. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding knowledge, to find out the association between knowledge of adolescent girls with the selected demographical variables and to develop and disseminate information booklet on Kishori Shakti Yojna.The conceptual framework used for the study was based on “Ludwing Von Bertalanffy’s (1980) General System Model. Sample were selected by systematic random sampling technique. The data were collected through structured knowledge questionnaire. The study finding reveled that majority of the subject 63.3% had previous knowledge about Kishori Shakti Yojna and only 36.7% had no previous knowledge regarding Kishori Shakti Yojna. It was concluded that knowledge of adolescent girls regarding Kishori Shakti Yojna was not signicantly associated with the residence, type of family, religion and family income at p level ï‚£0.05 and there were significant association of age and resources of knowledge with knowledge level of adolescent girls regarding Kishori Shakti Yojna at p level > 0.005.Information booklet on Kishori Shakti Yojna for adolescent girls was develop and disseminated.

 Keywords: Knowledge; Adolescent Girls; Kishori Shakti Yojna; Information Booklet.