International Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery

We present a sixteen years old girl who presented with sudden neurological deterioration due to colloid cyst of the third ventricle resulting in death in spite of the neurosurgical intervention. This report details the case and a short review of the clinical behavior, radiology and management of the childhood colloid cysts. 

Key words: Colloid cyst; Adolescent; Aggressive behavior; Death.

Diabetes is the leading cause for peripheral neuropathy and peripheral neuropathy is the leading complication of diabetes mellitus, which leads to chronic disabling pain, foot ulcers, infections and/or amputations. The objective of this review was to provide an evidence-informed literature update aimed at knowledge translation from experimental to clinical evidence for the use of exercise therapy in people with Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). PubMed-based search for studies was done using search terms ‘(diabetes OR diabetic) AND (neuropathy OR neuropathic) IN title, AND exercise IN title/abstract’ to retrieve relevant evidence on experimental and clinical studies published in English. There were five laboratory-based studies and twenty clinical trials that evaluated the effects, efficacy and effectiveness of exercise therapy programs in population of PDPN. The review findings suggested that supervised aerobic exercise training might be beneficial for people with PDPN, although the heterogeneity of studies limited derivation of recommendations for practice. Other exercise techniques such as strengthening, stretching, balance training require further research prior to their evidence-informed use in clinical practice. 

Keywords: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy; Physiotherapy; Rehabilitation; Exercise training; Evidence informed practice  

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) occur early following stroke due to impaired venous return, autonomic instability and paretic limb muscles. This orthostatic hemodynamic stress further exacerbates the existing cerebral damage and delayed functional recovery. Aim: To compare effects of Pneumatic abdominal binder (PAB) and Pneumatic Calf Compression (PCC) versus Elastic Compression Bandaging (ECB) for OH during tilt table standing in patients with acute stroke. Methods: 26 (18 male, 8 female) stroke subjects (duration < 4 weeks) with OH as defined by American Academy of Neurology and American Autonomic Society were randomly assigned to receive either experimental- PAB + PCC (n=13) or control- ECB (n=13). Tilt table standing was administered for six consecutive sessions and outcomes were measured pre-post intervention. The hemodynamic responses were measured using OmronTM Digital BP apparatus. The pressure applied using PAB and PCC for the experimental group was maintained at 40 and 30 mm Hg respectively while in the control group ECB was applied to the paretic calf muscles. Primary outcome of percentage of patients who attained orthostatic stability at 600 of tilt was considered for between-group comparison using Z test and modified Rankin Functional Scale (MRS) were compared using Mann-Whitney U test using SPSS.13 Results: Comparison of percentage of subjects who had attained orthostatic stability between the groups was significant on the 3rd and 6th day with p <.05. Pre-Post median scores for MRS and LOS had no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Application of pneumatic abdominal binder, calf compression found to be improving orthostatic stability in acute stroke rehabilitation. Further large scale studies with long-term follow-up are warranted and necessary. 

Keywords: Orthostatic Hypotension in Stroke; Tilt Table Standing; and Pneumatic Compression bandages.

Intramuscular injections are practiced regularly in hospitals and clinics. Adequate precautions have to be taken selecting the site of injections. Certain drugs which can cause irritation at the site of injection should be avoided, if it can be given through other routes.Foot drop cause a lot of problem during gait that may impact on the work done. This may further cause deformities in foot including equinovarus. 

Keywords: Gluteal Injection; Foot Drop; Tibialis Posterior Transfer

Background: Neuropathic pain is defined as pain arising from dysfunction of somatosensory system according to Neuropathic pain special interest group of International association for the study of pain. Objective of study: To quantitatively explore the existing evidence base for ‘neuropathic pain’ in PubMed through a review and analysis of current scientific literature. Methods: Descriptive exploratory study through a literature search was done to identify nine timepoints in the timeline from 1970-2010, with five-year intervals in order to identify the scientific trend. The number of obtained citations were classified and analyzed under the names of search filters of PubMed namely- text availability, publication date, species, article type, language, gender, subject areas, journal categories and age groups. The numbers for categories and subcategories of search filters were considered for comparison and analysis. Descriptive analysis using frequencies on Microsoft Excel 2010 worksheet was done. Results:There was an exponential increase in number of articles on neuropathic pain over the 40 years. There was more number of ‘abstract available’ articles. Human studies were more than animal studies. There was more number of reviews, case reports and clinical trials among the article types. More articles were of English language, with nearly equal gender representation. There were more number of articles on cancer, and MEDLINE journals had more articles, with more in adult and middle-age. Conclusion: The number of articles on ‘neuropathic pain’ is steadily increasing with more studies indexed in PubMed every year. The study findings are of importance to biomedical librarians and neuroscientists for neuropathic pain-related evidence retrieval.

Key words: Neuropathic pain evidence; PubMed analysis; Nerve pain; Research analysis; Reporting trend.

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