Indian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Pediatrics

 Not Provided

  Oesophageal achalasia is a idiopathic disorder characterized by abnormal motility and failure of relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter, with its usual presentation in young adults. It is an uncommon disease in childhood and extremely rare under the age of one year. We are reporting a case of a 1 year female who presented with persistant vomitting and was diagnosed of having with Achalasia Cardia with barium swallow and was treated with Heller’s Modified Cardiomyotomy.

Keywords: Achalasia Cardia; Heller’s Cardiomyotomy

 Small bowel intussusception (SBI) are rare in children compared to adults. Small bowel intussusception can be transient, can be incidentally seen on ultrasound (US), often reduce spontaneously, no surgical intervention required. We report a case of Transient Jejuno Jejunal Intussusception in a seven year old child known case of beta thalessemia major, recovered with conservative management without any complications.

Keywords: Intussusception; Thalessemia.

Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is essential for the survival and all body functions to carry out  smoothly. Oxygen therapy is the administration of oxygen at a concentration of pressure and concentration greater than that found in the atmospheric air. The air contain approximately 21% oxygen. Oxygen is the most important medical gas. Hypoxaemia can cause increased mortality and morbidity especially in the developing countries, still feasible and cost-effective ways to treat hypoxaemia receive little or no attention in current global health strategies. Oxygen as a mode of treatment has been used in for almost 100 years, but in developing countries most of the patients do not have access to oxygen due to financial constraints. Knowledge of the physiology of oxygenation is of key importance in oxygen therapy. Oxygen therapy is more reliable if given by high flow systems. Hence use of high flow oxygen delivery system to be implemented.

Keywords: Oxygen; Hypoxia; Oxygen Toxicity

  Background: Respiratory distress is also one of the most common causes of admission in NICU. Despite of advancement, RD is responsible for 40-50% of all the perinatal deaths. It was observed that, there is less clinical studies have been conducted on the neonatal respiratory distress in our country, it has been planned to know the etiology, clinical features, management and outcome of the babies with respiratory distress. Material and methods: Newborns admitted to NICU during study duration due to respiratory distress within 72 hours of birth were included in the present study. The severity of respiratory distress was noted according to time of onset, clinical assessment, number of days of oxygen requirement and chest x ray features. Result: Respiratory distress is one of the commonest disorders encountered within the first 48-72 hours of life. Incidence of newborns having severe respiratory distress was 48%, Moderate respiratory distress was 46% and Mild distress was 6%. Majority (62%) of newborn with respiratory distress required oxygen treatment for less than 24 hours. Conclusion: Clinical assessment of severe respiratory distress against its onset and duration will help in early diagnosis. Immediate clinical outcome of newborn respiratory distress in term of mortality rate is variable and depends on the cause of newborn distress. Chest x-ray taken at 6 hours of onset of respiratory distress in newborn is important diagnostic tool for early identification of the cause. 

Keywords: New Born Baby; Respiratory Distress; Chest X-Ray; Duration Of Oxygen Therapy.