Indian Journal of Preventive Medicine

This short communication aimed at re-exploring the evidence for exercise therapy in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of low back pain (LBP) from an evidence-informed overview of published studies indexed in PubMed. There were five clinical trials, two systematic reviews, one guideline and two narrative reviews, all of them concluding in favor of exercise therapy administered as part of a multidisciplinary program. The effects of exercises were biological, psychological and social, and a regular aerobic exercise program can improve strength and endurance, prevent fatigue from causing improper body mechanics, increase beta-endorphin levels, reduce depression and give patients an overall feeling of well-being in people with LBP. 

Keywords: Preventive rehabilitation; Prophylactic exercises; Preventive exercises; Spinal pain.

Many single as well as mixed outbreaks of measles, german measles, varicella and herpes joster were investigated. In outbreak settings, it is usually observed that more than one viruses are concurrently infecting the population, e.g., measles and german measles can go simultaneously; Likewise laboratory confirmed measles with chickenpox outbreaks had also been investigated in Himachal Pradesh. The presenting complaints are quite confusing in the beginning. Mild febrile rashes are present both in german measles and measles and symptomatogy is so similar and fleeting. Nowadays there is distinct change in the measles and mumps disease pattern due to measles and MMR vaccination. More and more case patients of measles and rubella are being examined in higher age group adolescent children. Crowding, intense exposure and lack of vitamin A supplementation were the some of the factors responsible for its spread. Is MMR is the vaccination of choice or something more?

Keywords: Measles-rubella and varicella; Triple outbreak; Atypical rash; MMR Vaccination; Kangra. 

Background and Objective: Exclusive breast feeding practice ranks first among the most effective interventions to improve child health. Present study was undertaken to study breast feeding practices among rural mothers and the factors influencing these practices. Methodology: This one year community based cross-sectional study was done at villages namely Vantamuri, Kakati (A and B), Honaga and Bhutramanahatti, which are the field practice area of department of Community Medicine, J. N. M. C., Belgaum. By random sampling 380 rural mothers having one year old child were selected. Information on socio-demographic variables, breast feeding practices was recorded. Results: In the present study majority of the mothers (64.21%) were between 20 to 24 years of age and were educated till high school (46.32%). A Majority 57.11% of them had given pre-lacteal feeds; the most common being sugar water. As many as 25.79% mothers discarded the colostrum. Initiation of breast feeding after delivery was delayed by 33.68% of the mothers. Demand feeding was not practiced by 32.11% mothers. Occupation, place of delivery and receiving information about benefits of breast feeding had a significant association with the practice of giving pre-lacteal feeds and discarding colostrum. Conclusions: Present study revealed that various inappropriate breast feeding practices are prevalent in rural areas. Elder’s advice played an important role in shaping the breast feeding practices.

Key Words: Breast feeding practices; Pre-lacteal feeds; Colostrum. 

Background: In spite of promoting exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) and avoiding pre-lacteal feeds, mothers are facing many problems in our country during breast-feeding. These problems are to be addressed to improve maternal and child health. Objectives: To document the breast-feeding practices and the self reported problems among women having children less than 2 years. Methods: Two hundred forty two mothers of accompanied children, less than 2 years age attending immunization clinics at Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi recruited in the study. A semi-structured interview schedule administered to assess the breastfeeding practices, the influencing factors, self-reported problems and health seeking behavior of women. Results: About ¾ th (73.1%) of women adopted EBF. Among the mothers not practicing EBF,31(47.6%) had given water to child in summer. Pre-lacteal feed was given to 59 (24.4%) newborns. Initiation of breastfeeding was delayed by96 (39.6%) of mothers. Main reasons for delay were non-secretion of breast milk in 53(55%) women. One hundred five (43.4%) women faced at least one major problem during breast-feeding. Major problems were, inadequate milk secretion 29 (12%), painful breastfeeding 14 (5.8%), too many household duties 14 (5.8%), defective baby positioning 20 (8.26%) and sickness of baby 12 (5%). Out of those experiencing a problem, only 64.9% consulted for treatment. Conclusions: The problems of breastfeeding were inadequate milk secretion, increase thirst to child in summer, painful breastfeeding, household duties, mother illness, child illness, breast abscess, cracked nipple and awkwardness to breastfeed in public. 

Key words: Breast feeding; Colostrum; Prelacteal feed; Exclusive breast feeding; Self- eported problems.

N/A