Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

This letter to editor aimed at implying the inter-relationship between hysterectomy and pain in women towards  practice, education and research in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Chronic pelvic pain could be due to endometriosis which is an indication for hysterectomy and was shown to have beneficial effects whereas certain risk factors such as presence of preoperative pelvic pain, previous cesarean section, other pain problems and pain as an indication for hysterectomy lead to chronic pain posthysterectomy in women. 

Keywords: Posthysterectomy pain; Gynecological palliative care; Pain evaluation; Pelvic pain. 

Pregnancy-related low back pain (PRLBP) or Gestational back pain (GBP) is a common clinical presentation in women during pregnancy and childbirth. The objective of this review article was to update the existing evidence through a PubMed search of relevant literature. There were studies on definition and historical presentation, causes, biomechanical factors, risk factors, prevalence and incidence, management including conservative treatment options such as acupuncture, physiotherapy (physical therapy) and pain management. Preventive studies were not found, which essentiates need for future studies in order to inform clinical practice. 

Keywords: Obstetric back pain; Orthopaedic gynecology; Gynecological rehabilitation; Obstetric rehabilitation. 

Pregnancy is a condition that is vulnerable to all kinds of stresses resulting in changes of physiological and metabolic functions. Normal pregnancy induces profound changes in maternal anatomy and physiology that involve metabolic processes to support fetal growth and development. Physiological reactive oxidative stress levels play an important regulatory role through various signalling and transduction pathways in embryogenesis, embryonic implantation and fetoplacental development. In women, reactive oxidative species plays a role in remodelling of uterine tissue, implantation of embryo, settelement of villi and development of blood vessels that are characteristics of gestation. Oxidative Stress(OS) is a state characterized by an imbalance between pro-oxidant molecules including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and antioxidant defences. Oxidative stress is involved in various pathological conditions such as abortion, preeclampsia, hydatiform mole, fetal teratogenecity, preterm labour, intrauterine growth restriction; all of which lead to an immense burden of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Antioxidant supplementation may be effective in controlling the production of reactive oxidative species. 

Keywords: Pregnancy; Placenta; Oxidative stress; Preeclampsia; Antioxidants; Therapeutic approach.  

Objectives: To study Prevalence, risk factors & feto maternal outcome in PIH cases. Materials & method: hospital based case control study was conducted over the period of one year in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology in NHL municipal college, Ahmadabad. All pregnant women (including PIHcases & non PIHcontrol) delivered during the study period were enrolled & their antenatal records were scrutinized to collect necessary information such as detailed history, clinical examination findings & investigations performed. Results were analyzed using MS Excel & Epi Info. Results: In the present study, the Prevalence of PIH was 7.85% which includes Prevalence of pre-eclampsia & eclampsia 6.97 & 0.94% respectively. On Univariate analysis – risk factors such as those who have not registered in antenatal period, teenage age groups, primigravida, who had history of PIH in previous pregnancy, family history of PIH & obesity were significantly associated with cases (PIH) as compared to control (non–PIH). Maternal mortality was nil & perinatal mortality was 17% (14 in pre- eclampsia cases & 3 in eclamptic cases). Conclusion: Pregnant women at risk of PIH should be identified as early as possible & high quality antenatal care  should be given in order to minimize the complications of PIH both for the mother & the fetus. 

Keywords: Pregnancy induced hypertension; Prevalence; Risk factors; Feto-maternal outcome.  

The oxygen atmosphere under which we live produces a continuing barrage of oxidative damage to all biomolecules. The same reactions creating life may also be responsible for many pathologies in female reproduction due to free radicals. Oxidative stress is a state characterized by an imbalance between pro- oxidant molecules including reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species and anti oxidant defences .Oxidative stress play a key role in female infertility, natural and assisted. Oxidative stress influences the entire reproductive life span of a woman. Imbalance between pro-oxidant and anti oxidant can lead to a no. of reproductive diseases such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary disease, unexplained infertility. Pregnancy complication such as spontaneous abortion, recurrent pregnancy loss, pre eclampsia can develop in response to oxidative stress. The interventional strategies to overcome oxidative stress are highlighted. 

Keywords: Oxidative stress; Free radical; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive nitrogen species; Antioxidant; Infertility; ART. 

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