Indian Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

ABSTRACT

Today the need to obtain nutritious foods from new sources and lower in waste food processing industry has created a high interest. Modification of agro industrial waste products into valuable elements is probably a huge footstep towards the direction of food sustainability. Pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita sp.) are commonly regarded as agro-industrial waste and discarded. However, pumpkin seeds are high in amino acids, phytosterols, unsaturated fatty acids, phenolic compounds, tocopherols, cucurbitacins, and essential minerals, among other nutrients and nutraceuticals. All of these bioactive substances are essential for living a healthy and happy life. The present study aims at reviewing the various researches done in the past on the uses of the pumkin seed for the treatment of digestion problems, diarrhoea, colic, dyspepsia etc. Various researcher investigated that the used of pumpkin seed are beneficial for some diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer, anti cancer, hypercholesterolemic and hypertension patients. Pumpkin seeds has wide application ,as antimicrobial, antioxidant, insecticidal, encapsulation, antifungal. As from all the studies, that done and concluded that pumpkin seed have be used as functional food for humans by combine with unit operations of food processing for treatment of various ailments.

Bone grafts play a pivotal role in bone regenerative surgeries. Each physician from orthopedics to dentistry knows the three fundamental mechanisms of bone grafting that are osteo conduction, osteo-induction, and osteogenesis. However, there is a huge lacuna in the basic understanding of the variation and range of the function of the graft materials falling under the basic three categories. The popular tissue engineering “biological triad” consisting of cells, scaff old, and growth factors, remains the main stay of bone grafting techniues. However, the clinical success of bone grafting remains upheld by the basic understanding of their significant factors apart from the 3basic factors mentioned in tissue engineering triangle. An attempt has been made in the current article to acknowledge the rest of the important factors driving the clinical success of graft surgeries. The article further addresses all the recent modifications made to the tissue engineering triangle by providing special emphasis on Calcium phosphate osteo inductive graft materials due to their uniue MP promoting properties. The application of bone ceramics or calcium phosphates has increased tremendously over the past decade.