Indian Journal of Medical and Health Sciences

Wound management forma a key part of the plastic surgeon’s daily practice. In addition to being a financial burden to the patient, it is a major social and emotional problem. The key to management of any wound is proper wound assessment. Wound assessment not only enables the treating physician to know the current status of the wound but enables us to monitor the progress of the wound to intervention. Though many wound assessment tools are available currently, none assess the periwound skin which also forms an integral part of the wound. In this article, the authors have assessed the efficacy of the triangle of wound assessment (TOWA) and its application in the management of postoperative wounds.

Keywords: TOWA, wounds, periwound skin

 

Unilateral hypoplasia or absence of a branch of the pulmonary artery is a rare anomaly usually associated with other congenital cardiac disorders. Isolated hypoplasia of unilateral pulmonary artery is still rare. Patients present with varied clinical manifestations with varied age at presentation, younger age or in adulthood with pulmonary hypertension (PAHT). Early diagnosis with definitive treatment prevents development of PAHT in adulthood. Here we present an elderly female who presented with PAHT with right heart failure secondary to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism was diagnosed to have hypoplastic left pulmonary artery.

Keywords: Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Hypertension; Pulmonary Angiography.

 

The usual practice of making skin incisions by a scalpel leads to more bleeding and time spent on achieving hemostasis. An alternative to this is to use electromagnetic radiation of high frequency in the form of radiofrequency to make skin inciosns that are more precise, accurate, associated with less bleeding and in turn less time consuming giving more defined result. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is associated with multiple swellings all over the body with surgical management required for aesthetic reasons or for symptomatic swellings.

Keywords: Radio Frequency; Neurofibroma.
 

Dengue is an acute viral infection spread by mosquitoes with potential fatal complications. Dengue fever is a kind of flu type illness otherwise called as break bone fever as it causes severe pain in the joints. Good nutritional status, increased appetite balanced electrolytes and increase RBC count along with. diet therapy is an important remedy helpful in recovering from dengue. The literature reviewed was identified using various searches in PubMed, WorldCat, and Google Scholar as well as citation tracking on original research articles related to Dengue.

Keywords: Dengue, Viral infection, Diet therapy

 

Temporomandibular joint is a synovial articulation, formed by condyle of the mandible and glenoid (mandibular) fossa and articular eminence of temporal bone at the base of the skull. It differs from other joints of body because it shows the properties of both hinge and sliding joint so it also called as ginglymo-arthrodial joint. Temporomandibular joint abnormalities affect 5-12% of the population. The correct diagnosis of early abnormalities of this joint is of paramount importance because they can result in temporomandibular joint disorders. In the present article, a short insight is presented on Temporomandibular joint with emphasis on its anatomy, physiology & applied aspect.

Keywords: Temporomandibular Joint; Mastication; Condyle; Attachments; Ligaments.

 

Background: With increasing incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related heart failure, evidence suggests that diastolic rather than systolic dysfunction is predominant. The pathology of pericardium, myocardium or coronary and pulmonary vasculature is related to heart failure in HIV. Echocardiography helps in detecting cardiac dysfunction before overt clinical manifestations develop.

Objectives: To assess cardiac structure, function and cardiac abnormalities related to heart failure in HIV-infected subjects attending medicine department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 102 HIV-infected patients presenting with cardiac complaints at the medical department of a tertiary care hospital in western Maharashtra from July 2016 to September 2017.

Results: A total of 102 HIV infected patients were included with cardiac complaints, 50 (49%) were in heart failure (HF). Commonest causes of HF were left ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension, dilated cardiomyopathy and anaemia. Male gender (OR 4.03), low education (OR 4.91), previous history of tuberculosis (OR 3.01), and low haemoglobin (OR 0.83), were independently associated with diagnosis of HF (p<0.05 for all).

Conclusion: Left ventricular wall thickness and function should be monitored regularly in HIV subjects. The echocardiography is a useful and relevant tool in management of HIV infected patients especially in the era of ART.

Keywords: Echocardiography; HIV; Heart Failure.

Background: Studies have proved that complications of diabetes particularly the microvascular complications are strongly associated with HbA1c levels [2,3]. The higher the Hba1c values the higher the chance of developing complications. Hba1c values have thus become a valuable marker in assessing the glycemic control and the risk of developing complications as it is convenient, reproducible and efficient in reflecting chronic hyperglycemia.

Aim: To assess the association and correlation of haematological parameters with HbA1c levels in type II diabetes mellitus patients.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year with 150 patients with diabetes and 150 controls were taken without diabetes. Patients’, age,  gender, blood pressure, accompanying disease history, medication history and medical history were recorded using pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire. Five milliliters of fasting blood sample was collected by laboratory technologist for fasting blood glucose (FBG) determination after 10–12 hours of fasting with the exception of water and medication. FBG was estimated  by following glucose oxidase method using MINDRAY BS300 fully auto chemistry analyzer, made in china according to manufacturer’s instructions. The quantitative urine albumin/creatinine ratio in morning spot urine samples was used for albuminuria determination in the diagnosis of microalbuminuria.

Results: The mean  values of fasting and postprandial blood glucose along with HbA1c were found to be significantly  higher among the diabetes group than the control group, similarly the urine albumin levels also was found to be significantly higher in the diabetes group, whereas the renal parameters (serum urea and creatinine) did not show statistical significant difference between the diabetes and control group. HbA1c and the other hemotological parameters and we found a statistically significant positive correlation with WBC, ploymorphs, lymphocytes and mean platelet volume and a statistically significant negative correlation was observed with platelet count among the diabetic group whereas among the control group there were no statistical significant correlation between HbA1c and the other hemotological parameters.

Conclusion: The routine hematological profile checking of patients associated with aberrations in hematological values.

Keywords: Diabetes; Haematological Parameters; Microvascular Complications.

Introduction: As urinary tract infections are very common in all age groups and its prevalence is increasing due to various factors like poor hygiene, increasing prevalence of diabetes and injudicious use of antimicrobials. Some patients have significant pyuria with bacteriuria, some have only pyuria without bacteriuria, while some have bacteriuria without pyuria. This study was conducted to find relationship between pyuria and bacteriuria in patients with urinary tract infections.

Materials and methods: Urine samples from 100 patients were taken out of which 71 were females and 29 were males. Routine microscopy of urine samples was done and WBC count of more than 5/HPF was taken significant. Urine samples were processed according to guidelines and cultured on Hichrome UTI agar,Macconkey agar and Blood
agar which was incubated at 370C. The organisms which growed on them were biochemically confirmed.

Results: Out of 100 urine samples 40 showed significant pyuria and 60 showed insignificant pyuria. 21 were culture positive with significant pyuria and 19 were culture negative.

Conclusion: In conclusion as number of pus cells increases on urine microscopy yield of bacterias on culture media also increased.

Keywords: UTI; Pyuria; Bacteriuria; Culture.
 

Objective: Diabetes, is fast growing the status of potential epidemic in India with more than 62 millions diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with disease [1]. Over 85% of lower limb amputations are preceded by foot ulcer and diabetes remains the major cause of non-traumatic amputation across the world with rates being as much as 15 times higher than in non-diabetic population.

Method:  Diabetic patients aged above 18 years with(cases) and without (controls) foot ulcer admitted in H.S.K Hospital during the study period i.e., from 1st Janvary 2016 to 30th June 2016.

Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed statistically by Mean, Standard Deviation, proportions, Chi square test and other relevant statistical tests using SPIS Softwares. 

Result: There is statistically significant correlation between DFU and NLR with a p value 0.000 which shows high level of significance.

Conclusion: NLR can be directly calculated from the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts  and can be easily be obtained from a complete blood cell count on admission and during follow up. Thus increasing values of NLR during follow up can be used to predict sub clinical inflammation and impending complications like DFU. 

Keywords: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio, Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Introduction: A hospital cannot work in isolation; it has to adjust to the changing needs of the patients and the environment. Business Intelligence is a technology to manage raw data and convert it into meaningful information which can support better decision making and add enormous value to the business. Aim: The study was aimed at understanding thecurrent user perspective regarding BI in hospital and to predict thefuture trends in the field of Business Intelligence in hospitals. Material and Methods: The study is a mixed method study. The research design was descriptive which intended to understand the current user perspective about BI (Business Intelligence) application in hospitals. The study of anticipated future trends has been done through quantitative methods. 50 respondents from the top management of hospitals participated in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on future trends Results: BI system did help administrators in analysing the information integrated from various sources, thus helping and supporting the decision making. The administrators also showed confidence in the system and championed the fact that it would improve the quality of management decisions by providing on the fly accurate and meaningful information. As far as the future trends are concerned the data showed a definitive positive growth in this domain and dramatic growth is expected in the demand for mobile BI. (write about statistic analysis) Conclusion: In absence of a system which can integrate, analyze and derive meaningful insights from the data, the hospitals will continue to be rich in data but poor in information. They can improve their performance by looking at their own data. Hospitals now need to move from descriptive analytics to predictive and prescriptive analysis which is a step ahead tells us about what we should do.

Keywords: Business Intelligence; Data; Hospital