Indian Journal of Dental Education

The aim of endodontic therapy is to achieve a three-dimensional obturation of the root canal space which effectively removes the bacteria from the canals which have been infected by microorganisms and to avoid recontamination of the canals by proper cleaning and shaping protocols. The major reason for endodontic treatment failure is due to missed roots and canals. Mandibular molars are most common teeth that requires endodontic treatment and exhibit numerous variations in its internal anatomy; one among those is the presence of an extra root lingually known as Radix Entomolaris (RE). The presence of this extra root can lead to difficulties during endodontic treatment. The success of Endodontic treatment depends on having proper knowledge about these possible variations of anatomical and morphological characteristics of the teeth. This case report presents the successful detection and management of mandibular first molars with RE by proper clinical and radiographic examination.

Keywords: Radix Entomolaris (RE); Mandibular molars; Roots, Canals.

Learning styles are the individual instincts which influence how a person acquires ‘knowledge-skill-attitude’. It has been scientifically proved that not every individual learns in the same manner. Depending on many factors such as attention, motivation and emotions as well as by learner characteristics like prior knowledge, understanding and learning styles and intellectual capabilities. This paper highlights the different kinds of learners and what are the existing learning types, so that we have mentors will be able to deliver the intended information for the betterment of the learners.

Keywords: Learning style; Learner; Learners style; Adult learning.

Although there has been a decrease in the prevalence and the severity of dental caries in children over the past few decades, still, various studies in literature worldwide report high prevalence of dental caries. Traditional restorative methods for treating dental caries are not always affordable or possible, as it requires patient cooperation for desirable outcome. To overcome this problem, Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) was first promoted in Japan in late 1960’s. The antimicrobial effect of silver compounds has been proven by the 100-year-old application of silver compounds for the prevention and treatment of various infections. Now in many countries a 38% (44,800 ppm fluoride) SDF solution is commonly used to arrest caries and to reduce hypersensitivity. Application of SDF to arrest dental caries is a noninvasive procedure that is quick and simple to use. When SDF is applied on carious lesions, the fluoride enhances remineralization and the silver ions act as an antibacterial agent and inhibit the growth of cariogenic biofilms. However, it has certain drawbacks like black discoloration of the carious teeth and an unpleasant metallic taste. But, the low cost of SDF and its simplicity in application suggest this as a novel preventive agent in public dental health projects.

Keywords: Silver diamine fluoride; Silver; Dental caries; Preventive dentistry.

Aim: Dental implant is becoming common option for replacement of lost teeth, there are various reasons for implant failure one of them is peri-implantitis. This systematic review compares clinical evaluation associated with bleeding on probing of soft tissue around dental implants restored with cement-retained and screw-retained restorations. Objectives: To evaluate bleeding on probing of soft tissue around screw-retained prosthesis on implant. To evaluate bleeding on probing of soft tissue around cement-retained prosthesis on implant. To compare bleeding on probing of soft tissue around screw-retained and cement-retained prosthesis on implant. Data Source: Electronic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Institutional Library and manual search of various journals. Study Eligibility Criteria: Inclusion criteria: All the randomized control trails evaluating bleeding on probing of soft tissue around screw and cement-retained prosthesis. All the case reports evaluating bleeding on probing of soft tissue around screw and cement-retained prosthesis. All the case series evaluating bleeding on probing of soft tissue around screw- and cement-retained prosthesis. All the studies comparing bleeding on probing of soft tissue around screw-retained and cement-retained prosthesis on implant. All the studies conducted between 2000 and May 2018. Exclusion criteria: All the studies conducted in vitro. All the narrative reviews. All the letters to editor. All the articles published in other languages. Intervention: Cement-retained restorations. Results: A total number of 367 articles were identified through the electronic search. Only 5 articles were included on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the 5 articles were reviewed by the two authors for their study characteristic. All the articles indicated that there was no evidence of different behavior of the peri-implant marginal bone and of the peri-implant soft tissue with screw- and cementretained prosthesis. Limitations: Total number of articles screened for full text are limited in number i.e., only 5 articles are screened in this systematic review. Conclusion: There was no evidence that one method of retention of the implant supported prosthesis i.e. Screw- and cement-retained prosthesis was biologically superior to the other during the time period for the respective study. The choice of cement-retained versus screw-retained implant restoration is based on their specific indications for the clinical situation.

Keywords: Cement-retained prosthesis; Screw retained prosthesis; Bleeding on probing.