Indian Journal of Dental Education

  The goal of endodontics and restorative dentistry is to retain the natural teeth with maximal function and pleasing aesthetics. Endodontically treated tooth with little or no clinical crown can be restored with different post and core materials for additional retention and support but appropriated material and method depend on type, function and remaining tooth structure as well as tooth prognosis and economic status of patient. A case of structurally compromised, endodontically treated anterior tooth is discussed here,which was restored with cast post and core followed by porcelain fused to metal crown. 

Keywords: Cast Post; Endodontics; Broken Tooth.

  Unicysticameloblastomas (UA) are a rare variant of ameloblastomas and refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic and gross features of a jaw cyst but on histologic examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor proliferation. Unicysticameloblastoma is less encountered variant of the ameloblastoma and believed to be less aggressive in nature. They are characterized by slow growth and locally aggressiveand most commonly seen in posterior portion of the mandible. Here we report a case of unicysticplexiformameloblastoma in symphyseal region in 53 years old male.

Keywords: Mural Growth; Plexiform; Unicystic.

  Gingival recession is a common clinical finding and there are various surgical treatment procedures for its correction. Overtime many improvements in techniques and designing of the flap have been introduced to improve healing of the tissue for more aesthetic and predictable results. Pouch and tunnel connective tissue graft is one such alternative technique for treating multiple adjacent teeth gingival recessions especially for areas with thin gingival biotype. The case report presents the use of this technique for treating gingival recession in multiple maxillary anterior teeth which resulted in excellent root coverage with improved gingival biotype.

 Keywords: Gingival Recession; Root Coverage; Pouch and Tunnel. 

  Many medical and dental conditions have no complete treatment modalities in conventional ways. The An alternative treatment is usage of botulinum toxin through chemo denervation. One of effective way of preventing damage to dental hard tissues, restorations and to increase the effect of treatment is to ‘‘de-programme’’ the muscles responsible for excessive destructive forces. Minimally invasive procedure at low cost with limited recovery time is provided by them. For rejuvenative and cosmetic procedures, bothbotox and derma fillers both go hand in hand. The mechanism of action and various uses of botox and derma fillers in the maxillofacial areas along with its future implications in the dentistryare focussed in this article. 

Keywords: Botulinum Toxin; Dental Conditions; Derma Fillers; Cosmetics; Dentistry; Maxillofacial. 

  The onion is round or oblong tunicated bulb. It is a biennial garden plant having a scape which is 2 to 4 feet high smooth, straight, stout and swollen at the base. The onion has many medicinal properties which are described in literature from time to time. This review describes the application and use of onion in dentistry and its other medicinal properties.

Keywords: Onion; Medicinal Plants; Allium.

  Bioceramics have been used in dentistry for a long time now. The advances in bioceramics have changed the way treatment is done and. Treatment has been more conservative, and well accepted by the body. They are of different types and their applications in dentistry are many. They are highly biocompatible and an added advantage to form hydroxyapatite and ultimately create a bond between dentin and the filling material. 

Keywords: Bioceramics; Applications as Sealers; Advantages.

  Very commonly dentist confront with the management of patient with Hypertension, that includes disease recognition and its proper management, knowledge of treatment and oral adverse effects and risk assessment for dental treatment.Hypertension can cause various complications in dental procedures and various manifestations in oral cavity like xerostomia, gingival hyperplasia, lichenoid reaction and loss of taste. With increase in age and duration of history of hypertension there is higher risk for presence of carotid artery calcification which can lead to cardiovascular diseases in geriatric patients. In the recent interest of a dental setup, digital orthopantomographs can be used as most economical screening method for detection of carotid artery atheroma at the level of C3-C4 vertebrae and patients can be made aware of the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This facilitate the early referral of the patients to physician for further treatment. Therefore an interdisciplinary approach will help in the early detection of a serious illness in a dental office itself. 

Keyword: Hypertension; Common Carotid Artery Calcification; Diagnosis; Management.

  All processes in the body are under a perfect balance, any disturbance of this balance will lead to a diseased state. In the oral cavity inflammatory periodontal diseases are the most prevalent; the main culprits in the pathogenesis of this condition are free radicals and reactive oxygen species. These are unstable molecules which easily affect the soft and highly permeable oral mucous membrane by creating ‘oxidative stress’. Antioxidants stabilize the free radicals by donating one electron, thus body generally balances the harm of free radicals through antioxidants. Any disturbance in their equilibrium can prove detrimental. Oral cavity and systemic infections are linked, thus there is an increased risk of diabetes and other cardiovascular and metabolic disorders as a result of this disturbed equilibrium. Use of topical antioxidants should be encouraged by the dentists in management as well prophylaxis in patients of periodontal problems. 

Keywords: Free Radicals; Oxidative Stress; Antioxidants.

  Introduction: Although implant placement and maintenance is a multi-disciplinary approach but the role of the periodontist is critical to the successful maintenance and monitoring of dental implants. Long term success of dental implants depends on health of periimplant hard and soft tissues. Early diagnosis and management of periimplant disease is utmost important to prevent failure of implants. This article describes the importance of maintenance therapy in the prevention of failure of the supporting tissue of implants and the role of a periodontist in undertaking safe implant maintenance therapy. Methods: A research to provide evidences supporting the feasibility of various implant care methods was carried out using various online and published resources. Conclusion: Implants are more susceptible to inflammation and bone loss and the key factors for the long term success of oral implants is the maintenance of healthy tissues around them. Therefore, a tight recall schedule and comprehensive maintenance protocol needs to be followed to ensure long term success. 

Keywords: Peri-Implantitis; Peri-Implant Mucositis; Implant Maintenance.

 Objective: Oral precancerous lesions are one of the most prevalent lesions worldwide today. Leukoplakia is the commonest premalignant lesion, which if neglected can be fatal. Several therapeutic agents have been tried to intervene. Of which, Lycopene has been tried, tested and accepted as a conventional form of treating leukoplakia. Curcumin, [1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3- ethoxyphenyl)-1,6- heptadiene-3,5-dione] is regarded as the most organically active ingredient of the spice turmeric, consisting 2–8% of most turmeric preparations. It has anti-oxidant, anti- nflammatory and pro-apoptotic activities. The purpose of the study was to compare the anti- recancerous activities of lycopene with curcumin. Methodology: A randomized clinical trial was designed with 20 patients, equally distributed into Group A and Group B. Group A was administered lycopene while Group B patients were treated with Curcumin. The study subjects were followed up for three months, regularly at 15 days intervals, during which they were counselled to quit the habit. Results: A significant improvement was noted in both the groups in terms of decrease in size of lesions and cure of lesions. Conclusion: Curcumin can be used to treat oral leukoplakia as effectively as lycopene. 

Keywords: Oral Leukoplakia; Lycopene; Curcumin; Anti-Cancer; Oral Precancerous Lesion.

  Context: Developmental dental anomalies are relatively common. These anomalies are related to genetic and environmental factors. The simultaneous occurrence of these anomalies may be genetically determined and can be associated with specific syndromes. Dental anomalies can increase the risk of caries and periodontitis and can lead to endodontic, aesthetic or orthodontic problems. If undiscovered, they can complicate orthodontic treatment and affect the treatment outcome. Most of these kind of studies have been based on birth certificates, reports of malformation centers or public hospital records. Very few studies are carried out in children and adolescence. Here study is conducted to determine the prevalence of orofacial anomalies in children. Settings and Design: After approval from the institutional ethical committee, 200 School children were examined in their schools, on the ordinary chair, using dental mirror, tongue depressor and natural light. A simple random sampling technique procedure was used to select the students. The diagnosis of orofacial anomalies was made according to the clinical criteria. Soft tissue anomalies included were: developemental disturbances of lip, palate, buccal mucosa and tongue. In hard tissue, developemental disturbances in tooth size, shape, structure and number. Results: Of 200 patients, 58 % showed no dental anomaly, whereas the rest 42% (13% of hard tissue and 29% of soft tissue) exhibited at least one dental anomaly either of hard or soft tissue anomalies. To conclude when compared hard tissue anomalies prevalence of soft tissue anomalies are more. No significant correlation between the gender and dental anomalies was found. 

Keywords: Anomalies; Genetic; Prevalence.