Indian Journal of Dental Education

 Not Provided.

 The objective of this short communication article was to highlight the role of orthodontic journals in evidencebased Orthodontics by a summary of literature retrieved from preliminary search of PubMed. There were seven studies on analyses of orthodontic journals found; on impact factor, contribution of evidence to Cochrane collaboration, quality of abstracts, compliance with declaration of Helsinki, quantity of clinical trials, quality of clinical trials, types of articles and authorship trends. The commonly analyzed orthodontic journals were American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Angle Orthodontist, European Journal of Orthodontics, British Journal of Orthodontics, Journal of Orthodontics, and Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research.

Keywords: EvidenceBased Dentistry; Publication Trend; Evidence Analysis; Research Trend; EvidenceBased Orthodontics.

 Crown lengthening procedure often required to enhance the appearance of patient smile. Whether they performed for the purpose of exposing sound tooth structure, or to enhance the appearance of the definitive restorations, these procedures must be planned to satisfy biologic requirements, while simultaneously avoiding deleterious esthetic effects. A variety of laser has been used for hard tissues and soft tissue procedure for circlet lengthening in dentistry. This study describe crown lengthening procedure done by using Nd:yag and Er:yag for both hard and soft tissues. Nd:yag (1064nm) was used for soft tissue crown lengthening and Er:yag (2940nm) was used for hard tissue lengthening,and discussing the observed changes with two types of lasers for the period of one month.

Keywords: Laser; Crown Lengthening; Soft Tissue Laser; Hard Tissue Laser; Crown Esthetics.

 Central giant cell granuloma is an uncommon benign intraosseus lesion of jaws. It is benign proliferative lesion having incidence of approximately 7% of all benign tumors of the jaws. It affects females more often than males, in a 2:1 ratio and is seen most frequently under the age of 30 years. It may present as asymptomatic nonaggressive lesion or as aggressive lesion leading to pain, expansion and perforation of the cortex, root resorption and reoccurrence. Here we are reporting a case of aggressive central giant cell lesion involving anterior part of mandible crossing mid line.

Keywords: Aggressive; Multilocular Radiolucency; Reparative; Jaws.

 Aplasia / hypoplasia of condyle is a rare entity when such condition are not seen conjunction with syndrome without defined etiology. Aplasia /hypoplasia of condyle indicates failure in the development of condyle. It can be either congenital or acquired. Disturbances during growth and development of the temporomandibular joint causes the deformity. The Early the onset of this condition results in severe symptoms. This paper presents the diagnosis of two patients of condylar aplasia and hypoplasia clinically and radiographically. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management to the patient gives a better quality of life.

Keywords: Condylar Aplasia; Agenesis of Condyle; Hypoplasia Condyle.

 A ranula is an extravasated mucocele derived from the sublingual gland which lacks a proper capsule. When a ranula extends through or around the mylohyoidmuscle, it is termed as a plunging ranula and often presents with swelling in the submandibular or cervical region. Here we report a case of a 17 year old girl presenting with a swellingand intermittent pain in the left submandibular region since 6 months.

Keywords: Plunging Ranula ; Ultrasonography.

 Periapical infection leads to bone loss in that region the mechanism behind bone loss is very subtle and it should be understood to arrest and allow deposition of bone so that the periapical bone will function normally and better survival of the tooth. This article describes how the bone loss occurs and how deposition takes place after the treatment is completed.

Keywords: Aetiology; Diagnosis; Healing; Mechanism.

 Aviation dentistry is a science that deals with diagnosis, prevention, treatment, of conditions that are associated with oral cavity and maxillofacial area and their impact on people who travel, or on aircrew members. With the advancement of the airline industry in all areas, dentists should pay special attention to frequent flyers, due to change of pressure inflight, that cause different types of orofacial discomfort and pain. This article provides information for the dental practitioner where special considerations have to be made when planning periodontal, restorative, endodontic, prosthodontic and surgical treatment to an aircrew patient. Proper diagnosis and treatment should be carried out before these conditions lead to serious complications to maxillofacial areas.

Keywords: Aviation Dentistry; High Altitude; Barodontalgia; Barotraumas; Odontocrexis.

 Conservative dentistry in its true sense is the preservation of the natural tooth structure rather than filling it with the best restorative materials. Tooth structure once removed will not come back, particularly enamel. Caries confined to the enamel must be approached in the most conservative way so that the enamel will be preserved rather than cutting it with a bur and filling it with a restorative material. This article describes the mechanism of remineralisation of enamel caries.

Keywords: Caries; Pathology; Remineralisation.

 Diet affects the integrity of the teeth; quantity, pH, and composition of saliva; and plaque pH. Dental plaque, which develops naturally on hard tissues of mouth, through complex ecosystem intraorally. Studies have shown a correlation between the acidogenic potential of a food and changes in the pH of human dental plaque following the ingestion of that food. Chewing sugarfree gums promote strong flow of stimulated saliva, which aid in rapid oral clearance of sugars; second, the high pH and the buffering capacity of the stimulated saliva help to neutralize plaque pH after a sugar challenge. Today, more than 50 percent of Chewing gums are sweetened with sugar substitutes such as polyol sweeteners, artificial sweeteners or both. Study results have shown that oral bacteria do not use these sugar substitutes to produce acids that demineralize enamel and dentin. thence, the following review is an attempt to provide an insight to various poplyols and their proposed mechanisms and their potential benefits.

Keywords: Polyols; Chewing Gums; Xylitol; Sorbitol.

 Assessing the performance of students & interns in the clinical setup is important but challenging. Performance assessment is not done well in most instances as it requires multiple sampling overtime. Intraining assessments done at the end of a term introduce a ‘halo effect’. Most of these problems can be over come by the MiniCEX .

So for this reason gradual introduction & implementations of different learning aids specifically MiniCEX should be there form preclinics and clinics in order to improve education standard. In present study the learners (interns) performance was seen to be satisfactory. They perceived MiniCEX positively with few good & important suggestions.

Keywords: Intern/Learner; MiniCex; Feedback.

 Introduction: Self medication is selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self recognized or self diagnosed conditions or symptoms. The study was done to assess the patterns of self medication in undergraduate dental students of North India. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was done on a sample of 122 dental students of second year. A prevalidated questionnaire was used to collect data regarding demographic characteristics and variables elaborating on self medication patterns. Results: The study revealed a prevalence of 80.23% of the students self medicating. The drug used in higher numbers was paracetamol, followed by analgesics, antibiotics and medicines for cold and cough. Conclusion: Our study reveals that self medication is widely practiced among dental students. The students and public need to be educated on this aspect to ensure safety of drugs.

Keywords: Dental Students; Self Medication; Drugs; Analgesics; Education.

 Aim: Oral health is an integral part of general health and is true for both animal and human. Periodontal inflammation is most frequently occurring disease. Subgingival calculus allows close contact of plaque to gingival tissues leading to gingivitis and periodontal disease. In addition calculus has an irritant effect on gingiva. Aim of this study is to evaluate effect of Hand and ultrasonic instruments are used to remove deposits (plaque and calculus) from tooth surfaces, under general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: All periodontal parameters were assessed pre and postoperatively. Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level was evaluated. Hand and ultrasonic oral prophylaxis instruments were used. Procedure was performed under general anaesthesia. Result: Statistical analysis was conducted with paired student ttest. Significant reduction in all periodontal parameters was evident pre and post operatively. Conclusion: Oral health care is utmost important for pets. Hand and ultrasonic scalers are most suitable for this procedure.

Keywords: Periodontal Disease; Clinical Attachment Loss; Pocket Depth; Ultrasonic Scaling Instruments.

 Background: Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy predominant among Afrodescendants, and has been categorized as a public health issue as it affects a significant percentage of the world’s population. The objective of this study was to determine the association between malocclusion and sickle cell disease in a sample of Sudanese children compare to healthy controls children. Methods: Malocclusion traits was recorded for 212 sickle cell disease children aged 315 years old, matched with 212 control healthy children in Khartoum, Sudan. Statistical analysis was done using statistical software SPSS 17.5 version. Chi square test was used for the comparison of study and control groups, the level of significance was set at p<0.05. The relative risk was estimated for malocclusion. Results: Malocclusion was significantly higher in sickle cell disease children than healthy control children. The common malocclusion traits were Angle’s Class II with increased over jet followed by anterior open bite. The malocclusion traits and relative risk were significantly more among sickle cell disease individuals 1214 years old compared to the control group. Conclusion: Sudanese sickle cell disease children had high prevalence of malocclusion than healthy children. Early recognition of malocclusion, preventive and interceptive dental treatment was recommended.

Keyworld: Sickle Cell; Malocclusion; Children.