Indian Journal of Dental Education

In the past decade and a half there has been an explosion in the introduction of restorative materials and techniques for the restoration of posterior teeth. The primary impetus for this explosion has been society’s fascination with aesthetics in general, and a concomitant desire to eliminate metallic restorations. Case report: - A young male patient reported to the department with complains of food lodgement in distal aspect of mandibular first molars. On examination a composite restoration was seen in relation to 46 (DO) having inadequate contact with adjacent tooth, and a cement filling with 36 (DO) which had been dislodged partially. After a radiographic evaluation and patient’s needs were assessed, it was agreed to replace the restorations with all ceramic press able inlays (CERGO press able ceramic). Conclusion: - A main indication for the use of ceramic restoration in cases requiring a high level of wear resistance.

Keywords: Ceramic; Inlays; Pressable inlays.

Gingival enlargements in children are a relatively common finding and are usually the result of a reactive response to local irritation or trauma. Pyogenic granuloma is one of the common gingival lesions affecting the children, particularly girls of pubertal age and can grow at a significant rate. A case report of a 12 year old girl who presented with pyogenic granuloma and was successfully treated is presented.

Keywords: Pyogenic granuloma; Gingival growth; Inflammatory hyperplasia; Granuloma pyogenicum.

Supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to arise from multiple etiologies. These teeth may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the oral cavity. When it remains embedded, it may cause disturbance to the developing teeth. The erupted supernumerary tooth might cause aesthetic and/or functional problems especially if it is situated in the maxillary anterior region. But a impacted primary supernumarary tooth embeded in alveolar bone and resulting in prevention of eruption of posterior tooth is a rare finding, which made us to prepare this case report of a primary supernumerary tooth embeded in the alveolar bone and preventing the eruption of maxillary first premolar.

Keywords: Supernumerary tooth; Maxilla.

Aim: This clinical report of two cases describes the prosthodontic management of Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patient. Background: Hereditary ectodermal dysplasia is a specific syndrome characterized by congenital absence or deficient functions of two or more ectodermal structures and their accessory appendages manifested primarily by three clinical signs as hypotrichosis, hypodontia / anodontia (true) & hypohydrosis / anohydrosis. The most frequently reported ectodermal dysplasia syndrome is X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. It may not be apparent in the first year of life but it is usually diagnosed during infancy, after a bout of fever of unknown origin. Ectodermal dysplasia is commonly a difficult condition to manage with prosthodontics because of the typical oral deficiencies and the afflicted individuals are quite young when they are evaluated for treatment. It is important that these individuals receive dental treatment at an early age for physiologic & psychological reasons. Case description: The treatment was focused on esthetic needs and oral functions & included fabrication of removable prosthesis for both the patient as inexpensive, reversible & conservative treatment approach. Conclusion: This clinical report demonstrates the importance of prosthodontic treatment for oral rehabilitation for ectodermal dysplasia patients. Clinical significance: The prosthodontic management of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patients with the condition of partial & complete absence of teeth by overdenture & complete denture prosthesis respectively, improved their physiological & psychological condition.

Keywords: Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia; Anodontia; Prosthodontic treatment; Omplete dentures; Overdenture.

Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of morbidity and mortality. The most powerful predictor of adult tobacco use is its initiation during adolescence, the most susceptible time for onset of this habit. Initiation of tobacco use is associated with peer pressure, parental use, school factors, cultural norms, lower self esteem, accessibility, moderate pricing, desire for experimentation and aggressive marketing by tobacco companies. While dentists have a positive attitude regarding their role in tobacco cessation, the same is not extrapolated into practice. Several barriers to counseling in the dental clinic have been identified. Oral health professionals can tobacco cessation services to the youth. Brief interventions, self-help materials, and pharmacothrender erapy for established nicotine dependence form the mainstay of therapy. The purpose of this paper is to identify the several factors leading to tobacco initiation in youth and discuss the role of oral health professionals in future dependence.

Key words: Tobacco; Youth; Initiation; Cessation; Oral health professionals.

Pain is the most important symptom that brings the patient to the dentist. Analgesics are the drugs which relieve pain as a symptom, without affecting its cause. Analgesics most commonly prescribed in dentistry for pain relief include the non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and various opioid-containing analgesic combinations. Selection of an analgesic for the management of dental pain should be judicially planned. When prescribing an analgesic, the dentist should advice the patient to take the initial dose as soon as feasible and then follow a fixed dosing schedule for at least the expected duration of the most intense pain. In all cases, however, the primary analgesic should be taken on a fixed schedule, not on a “pro re nata” (p r n) basis, which only guarantees the patient will experience pain. This paper summarizes the currently available oral analgesics and their appropriate usage for pain relief in dentistry.

Keywords: Dental pain management; Analgesics; Prostaglandin; Endogenous opioids receptors, Fixed dosing schedule.

The purpose of this study was to assess total number, type and rate of reporting of occupational exposures experienced by dental students in Bhopal city, India. A pretested questionnaire was used to record information regarding demographic profile, vaccination status (HBV), occupational exposures (during last 6 months), clinic in which exposure occurred, treatment seeked, and reporting about exposure to the concerned staff. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test. Results showed low occupational exposure rate among Indian dental students. But junior students need proper training. There is a need to educate students about reporting and post exposure protocol.

Keywords: Occupational Exposure; Dental Students; Reporting; Hepatitis B vaccination.

Traumatic dental injuries to children and their sequelae are of concern to both the clinicians and the parents of the affected children. Most of the available retrospective studies on trauma in children present a contrasting volume of data. The present study is aimed at determining the prevalence of traumatic injuries to anterior teeth in 30,000 school children in the Karnataka State, Southern India and to determine the common etiology and place of occurrence of trauma. Children aged between 4-16 years were surveyed. The children were divided into preschool, primary school and high school category. The findings of the present study can be employed in an organized municipal effort to educate school teachers, school children and their parents about dental trauma, its prevention and emergency management of the same.

Keywords: Traumatic injuries; Play; Anterior teeth trauma; Accidents; School children.

To assess and compare the financial assistance availed among dentistry, management and engineering students of Udaipur city, India and; to evaluate various factors associated with the loan acquirement. Material and methods: A combined quota and two stage random sampling procedure was executed and a questionnaire was used to record socio-demographic information and financial assistance availed by students. Results: The final sample size accounted to 575 students, among whom 20.3% availed financial assistance in the form of loans for their studies. Nearly four fifths (82.10%) took loan from government banks and a mere 1.70% of the subjects took a loan of more then 6 lacks. Frequency of financial assistance was more than twice in dentistry (27.52%) in comparison to engineering stream (12.62%). Among dental students, the percentile of students who acquired a loan amount between 4-6 lacks was higher than those who availed below 4 lacks, while in other courses there were no subjects who availed loans of more than 4 lakhs Conclusions: Majority of the students availed loans from government banks and none of the subjects received grants or scholarships.

Keywords: Financial assistance; dental students: management students; engineering students; bank loans