Indian Journal of Dental Education

Dental fluorosis is a major problem identified all over the world. High levels or prolonged ingestion of fluoride from various sources, primarily drinking water, certain high fluoride containing foods and beverages etc. can lead to fluorosis of teeth and skeletal tissues if ingestion occurs till 8 yrs of age. Dental fluorosis is not only a major esthetic concern but also poses a danger of damage to the enamel causing its severe loss as well. It becomes the moral responsibility of the dental professional to identify the causes of dental fluorosis and provide aesthetic and restorative treatment. Apart from this the dental professional should also stress upon the recommendations to prevent any further loss in individuals affected and minimize exposure to fluorides in those not affected especially the ones in the susceptibility age range. This review aims at consolidating various details on the development, clinical presentation, risk factors and ultra-structural features of dental fluorosis. The mechanisms of its development, various indices used for its clinical evaluation and assessment as well as recommendations for use of fluorides in the community have also been enumerated.

Key words: dental fluorosis, fluoride, hypoplasia, enamel

Odontogenic myxoma(OM) is a rare and locally invasive benign neoplasm found exclusively in the jaws. OM is predominantly found in young adults, and most of the time mandible is involved. OMs are lesions with extremely varied clinical and radiographic characteristic and the diagnosis is therefore not easy. We report an interesting case of OM with extensive involvement of maxillary sinus and upper jaw in a hemophilic patient. A brief review of relevant literature is included.No recurrence was found after one year follow up.

Key words: Odontogenic tumors, Odontogenic myxoma, maxillary Sinus,case report

The anterior maxillary jaw is called as the aesthetic zone because of its high visibility and influence on facial appearance. Residual ridge defect following the loss of an anterior natural tooth presents a challenge for an aesthetic restoration. Ridge augmentation is an effective way to develop high well rounded soft tissue architecture to facilitate an aesthetic restoration. This article demonstrates soft tissue augmentation of a Seibert’s class III defect by subepithelial connective tissue graft harvested from the palate, which was followed by fabrication of four unit porcelain fused to metal restoration.

Key words: Ridge augmentation, Subepithelial connective tissue graft, Metal ceramic restoration.

With the advances in the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of the periodontal diseases, the role of different risk factors in the diseases process is also gaining importance. Though microbial dental plaque is the primary etiologic factor for the Chronic periodontal disease, the role of other secondary or modifying risk factors cannot be undermined. There is enough evidence to suggest the possible role of diabetes, smoking and stress in the periodontal destruction. This paper highlights the role of such factors for the dental practitioners to understand the possible role of the systemic factors. Dentists should be encouraged to communicate with physicians about the health of their patients, and physicians should be alerted to the possible risks of severe periodontitis.

Key words: Risk Factors, Periodontal disease, Risk Assessment

During the five year span i.e. June 2006- June 2010, a total of 128 patients with maxillofacial trauma were seen at Rama Dental Hospital & Research Center, Kanpur, of whom 82.81% were males & 17.19% were females, 78.12% predominantly involved mandible while only 4.54% involved mid-third face fracture. Road traffic accidents accounted for about 51.56% while assault cases comprised of 41.93%. Fall from height accounted for 5.37% of total no. of cases. The Male (n=105): females (n=23) ratio was 5:1. Seasonal variation was prevalent with increased incidence of maxillofacial trauma during rainy season (July- September) & on Indian weekends (Saturdays & Sundays) the incidences were very high.

Key words: Road traffic accident, Alcohol consumption, Regional transport office, Maxillofacial Injuries and Intermaxillary Fixation.