Indian Journal of Communicable Diseases

Varicella Zoster Virus is a type of Human Alpha herpes Virus which usually cause Chicken Pox in Children and most commonly presents as shingles in the adult patient as dermatological Disease which are painful Vesicular Skin Eruptions Localized to a specific dermatome of the body also known as Herpes Zoster. One of the rare and dreaded Complication of Varicella Zoster Infection is involvement of the Central Nervous System causing varicella zoster virus encephalitis (Vze). Vze was often underdiagnosed earlier due to its Nonspecific clinical presentation but in present Era Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detecting Viral Particles in cerebrospinal fluid Provides a rapid and accurate Means of Diagnosis. In this case report, one Patient with Vze Diagnosed by a positive cerebrospinal fluid polymerase Chain Reaction and the Literature is reviewed and we discussed his Clinical History and Physical Exam findings that should raise clinical suspicion for Varicella Zoster Encephalitis, as well as epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and Treatment of this Type of Infection. We Provide a detailed approach to the Diagnosis and treatment of Vze.

Human Rights are fundamental, inviolable, inalienable. It is the essence to lead a life like a human being. Among the variety of rights, the right to life, liberty, equality and dignity of an individual are of prime importance. Right to health is a fundamental human right. During the COVID-19 Pandemic the right to life was at a toss. At this point, the role of the Supreme Court mainly focused to two aspects, viz. economic one, where the court delved into the cost of COVID-19 testing; and an administrative one, where the court analysed failure in the implementation of the guidelines with respect to patients’ care, hospital management, and infrastructure. The paper aims at analysing the efforts of the state with special emphasis to the judiciary during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To calculate the prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV infections in patients of myocardial infarction presenting in the emergency department. Methods: This is a longitudinal observational study.

Results: HIV, HCV and HBsAG were positive in 7 (7.0%), 4 (4.0%) and 3 (3.0%) patients respectively. Whereas both HIV and HBsAG were positive in 5 (5.0%), both HIV and HCV were positive in 1 (1.0%) patients. HCV and HBsAg co-infection was positive in none.

Conclusion: A high prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV infections in patients is noted amongst patients of myocardial infarction reporting to emergency medicine department. This high number maybe due to an inadequate sample size or an error in a study design or a consequence of reported more prevalence in an emergency scenario.