Indian Journal of Communicable Diseases

Genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) occurs in 15- 20% cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Reconstructive surgery for GUTB is required for cases with grossly distorted and dysfunctional anatomy that are unlikely to regress with chemotherapy alone. The goals of augmentation cystoplasty includes increasing bladder capacity, while retaining as much of bladder as possible. Various bowel segments (from the stomach to the sigmoid colon) have been used for bladder reconstruction. We report a case of GU tuberculosis with a small capacity bladder and a nonfunctioning left kidney.

Keywords: Genitourinary tuberculosis; Ileocaecocystoplasty; Ileocystoplasty.

Pulmonary tuberculosis though common in indian subcontinent, but tubercular splenic abscess is an unusual presentation. We report a 41 year old female who presented with symptoms of fever, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and weight loss for 2 months. Her examination revealed splenomegaly besides other non specific findings. Splenic tuberculosis is a differential to be considered, particularly where the disease is endemic. Labs revealed positive mantoux test. CECT abdomen showed multiple hypo-dense lesions in both liver and spleen hinting towards abscesses. Histopathological examination of CT guided biopsy specimen showed features consistent with and confirmed a diagnosis of splenic tuberculosis.

Keywords: Splenic Abscess; Tuberculosis.

The use of tobacco is considered universally as the most important and preventable cause of adult death and disease. The predominant form of tobacco use in most countries is Cigarette smoking. Research and prevention efforts are directed towards it. However, other forms of tobacco are more prevalent in some countries. In our country i.e., India, where smokeless tobacco is the dominant form of tobacco used although very little comprehensive documentation is available on this subject. It is quite a well-established scientific fact that regardless of the type of the product used by the individual it still affects the health in many ways. 1

Keywords: Tobacco; Adolescents; Smokeless Tobacco; Youth

Nipah virus resurgence has challenged the epidemiological surveillance and response system in our country. It has pointed towards our low healthcare system capacity and lack of a robust surveillance strategy. It demands to bring into light the concept of One Health, where human and animal health are tackled together. Enormous focus needs to be given on private sector integration with the disease surveillance system.

Keywords: Nipah Virus; Resurgence; Epidemiological Surveillance; Onehealth Approach

Background: Leprosy is an infectious disease which may lead to disability before, during or after treatment. Leprosy is associated with social stigma and discrimination because of disability and disfigurement and is recognized as a disease of major public health significance. Objectives: To determine the extent and pattern disability among new leprosy cases, factors associated with disability, provision and utilization of disability preventive services. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling district, West Bengal among all newly diagnosed and registered leprosy cases in a reference year (April 2013- March 2014). Subjects were interviewed and examined for assessment of disability and other variables. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and chi-square, binary logistic regression were applied to test association between disability and other epidemiological correlates. Results: Among 110 new leprosy cases studied, overall proportion of disability was 15.5%; Grade 1 and Grade 2 disabilities were 9.1% and 6.4% respectively. Hand was the commonest site of involvement, whereas Grade 2 disability was highest in feet (3.6%). Disability status was found to be significantly associated with number of nerve involvement and history of treatment interruption. Utilization of disability preventive services was found very poor. Conclusion: Overall proportion of disabilities as well as Grade 1 and Grade 2 disabilities among newly diagnosed leprosy cases were unacceptably high in the studied area.

Keywords: Darjeeling; Disabilities; Grades of disability; Leprosy cases; Preventive service.