Gastroenterology International

Chronic constipation is described as a common complication determined by difficult and/or rare passage of stool or both. The difference in definition of constipation has led to a wide range of reported prevalence (i.e., between 1% and 80%). Various factors are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, including type of diet, genetic predisposition, colonic motility, absorption, social economic status, daily behaviors, and biological and pharmaceutical factors. Diagnostic and therapeutic options play a key role in the treatment of chronic constipation.

A case-control study was conducted to determine the number pancreatitis and non-pancreatitis cases in relation to elevated biochemical markers among patients admitted in gastroenterology unit at tertiary care hospital, Belagavi.” Aim of the study is to determine the number pancreatitis and non-pancreatitis cases in relation to elevated biochemical markers among patients with selected demographic variables, and to determine the association between case group and control group in relation to results of biochemical markers among patients. The researcher employed purposive sampling technique, and the numbers of subjects were 65, and tabulation has been done my descriptive and inferential statistics. Materials and Methods: In the current study researcher employed case-control study approach, and research methodology was quantitative with descriptive in nature, and the study variables included in the study Number pancreatitis and non-pancreatitis cases admitted in gastroenterology unit. Tertiary care hospital Belagavi. By implementing purposive sampling with 65 numbers of samples.

Introduction: Constipation is associated with cardiovascular events. Changes to the intestinal microbiota by constipation can induce atherosclerosis, blood pressure rise, and cardiovascular events. Constipation increases with age and often coexists with cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, strain at stool causes blood pressure rise, which can trigger cardiovascular events such as congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, acute coronary disease, and aortic dissection. However, because cardiovascular medical research often focuses on more dramatic interventions, the risk from constipation can be overlooked. Physicians caring for patients with cardiovascular disease should acknowledge constipation and straining with it as an important cardiovascular risk and prematurely intervene to prevent it. The authors review and discuss the relationship between constipation and cardiovascular disease.

Background: The present study was conducted in the department of Surgical gastroenterology, Yashoda super speciality Hospital, Somajiguda, Hyderabad, Telangana over a period of one year with the objective of assessing the factors predicting gangrenous changes in acute calculus cholecystitis and other clinical measures as predictive factors for gangrene in acute cholecystitis and to know the statistical significance of the predictive factors and comparing with non-gangrenous cholecystitis. Methodology: This is a Prospective analytical study. A total of 96 Patients diagnosed as acute calculus cholecy stitis, the participants will be divided into two groups, gangrenous and non-gangrenous group. In the present study age, gender, comorbidities like CKD and CVA, asthma, thyroid disease, hemolytic anemia, alcohol consumption, lab levels like serum procalcitonin level, LFT, serum lipase has no significant association between two groups. There is statistically significant association found between two groups in relation to comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension, ischemic heart disease, smoking, lab levels like TLC and CRP level, serum amylase levels. On ANOVA testing TLC, CRP levels, GB wall thickness, serum amylase, and age show significant differences, indicating their potential impact. Whereas on Linear regression analysis reveals that TLC, serum amylase, serum lipase, and age significantly influence the dependent variable. BMI, total bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, GGT, ALP, serum albumin, CRP levels, and GB wall thickness show no significant effect. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, smoking, leukocytosis CRP level, serum amylase level, gallbladder wall thickness and age were found to be factors predisposing to gangrene in acute calculous cholecystitis that represented a statistically significant difference. By implementing these risk factors urgency for surgery can be decided.

Background and Aims: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during pregnancy is indicated for symptomatic biliary obstruction, cholangitis, and gallstone pancreatitis. Although fetal radiation exposure during standard ERCP is typically below teratogenic thresholds, minimizing radiation adheres to the ALARA principle. We report a case series of three pregnant patients who underwent ultrasound-guided ERCP without fluoroscopy and propose a standardized technical approach. Methods: Three pregnant patients with symptomatic biliary obstruction underwent radiation-free ERCP using wire-guided cannulation with real-time transabdominal ultrasound confirmation of guidewire placement and duct clearance. Results: All three procedures were technically successful without the use of fluoroscopy. Complete duct clearance was achieved in all cases. No maternal procedural complications occurred. Fetal monitoring before and after the procedure was reassuring in all patients. All pregnancies progressed without adverse events. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided ERCP without fluoroscopy is feasible and safe in selected pregnant patients when performed by experienced endoscopists with multidisciplinary support. This technique eliminates fetal radiation exposure while maintaining therapeutic efficacy.