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Croup in Children

Amar Taksande, , Sushma Myadam1 , Amar Taksande2 , R J Meshram3 , Punam Uke4

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Pediatric Education and Research 10(1):p 9-13, January-April 2022. | DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.10122.1

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Sushma Myadam, Amar Taksande, R J Meshram, et al./Croup in  Children/Pediatr Edu Res. 2022;10(1):9-13.
 

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Abstract

Croup is one of the most common causes of upper airway obstruction in young children. Upper airway inflammation produced by a viral infection causes a barky cough, hoarse voice, inspiratory stridor, and respiratory discomfort. It causes upper airway blockage and must be distinguished from acute epiglottitis, bacterial tracheitis, or foreign body inhalation. Croup affects roughly 3% of children each year, mostly between the ages of 6 months and 3 years, and the parainfluenza virus is responsible for 75% of cases. Symptoms normally go away after 48 hours, but severe upper airway blockage might cause respiratory failure and arrest in rare cases. The degree of respiratory distress and accompanying findings must be the emphasis of the patient's examination. It is necessary to rule out the likelihood of foreign body aspiration and epiglottitis. The efficacy and safety of corticosteroids (intramuscular and oral dexamethasone), nebulized budesonide, oral prednisolone, heliox, humidification, and nebulized adrenaline are all investigated (racemate and L-adrenaline [epinephrine]). The provision of humidified air is the most crucial part of management. Children with moderate to severe croup benefit from racemic epinephrine and steroids. Children with restless stridor, tiredness, poisoning, or respiratory distress should be admitted. Active airway intervention is unusual, but if a blockage develops, it can save a life.

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Sushma Myadam, Amar Taksande, R J Meshram, et al./Croup in  Children/Pediatr Edu Res. 2022;10(1):9-13.
 

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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21088/per.2321.1644.10122.1

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