International Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery

This letter to editor raises the issue of inter-relationship between the height of the individual, the length of the peripheral nerves and patho-neurophysiological changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in order to provide implications for practice and research in neuropathic pain care. Height was an independent risk factor for insensate neuropathy albeit not the painful type of DPN and it was associated with other clinical and electrophysiological measures. 

The author discusses his personal concepts about the pathogenesis and treatment of degenerative spine. Vertical instability or telescoping of the spine as a result of long duration ‘standing’ human position is the point of genesis of degenerative spinal ‘disease’. Muscle weakness, disuse or abuse and subsequent instability of the spinal segment generate a series of events that are collectively called ‘spinal spondylotic disease’. All these changes are secondary and most probably protective in nature. Treatment lies in stabilization or fixation of the unstable spinal segment. Removal of bone, osteophytes, disc or ligaments can be avoided. 

Key words:  Medulloepithelioma; Differentiation; Immunohistochemistry; Surgery; Prognosis. 

Not Provided.

Keywords: Ossified Yellow Ligament; Cervical Region ; Decompressive Laminectomy; Pathogenesis. 

Background: Depression is reported to be the commonest disorder in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) but there is wide variability in the reported prevalence rates. Most of the studies have not employed valid diagnostic instruments specific for diagnostic guidelines.  The present study aims to measure depression in the patients of CKD using DSM-IV criteria. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) according to the DSM-IV criteria in the patients having CKD. Methodology: 104 patients having CKD, with or without haemodialysis were assessed. The patients were assessed on MINI for the screening of depression. Co-morbid physical illnesses were screened for and recorded. Results: A total of 104 patients with CKD were assessed. 79.2% patients were on haemodialysis. Out of 104 patients screened 44.2 % screened positive for Major Depressive Disorder according to DSM-IV. Patients with MDD had significantly higher prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (p = 0.009) and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (p=0.016) compared to the patients without MDD.